Biofabrication of silver nanoparticles using Spirulina platensis: In vitro anti‐coagulant, thrombolytic and catalytic dye degradation activity

Abstract

Green synthesis of nanoparticles is an emerging field due to it's biosafety and promising results. Biological systems due to their biodiversity are employed in different production processes. In this study Spirulina platensis mediated silver nanoparticles (S‐AgNPs) production was done. The Uv spectra, FTIR and SEM analysis was performed for the characterization of biosynthesized S‐AgNPs. The biocompatibility evaluation of S‐AgNPs was done through hemolysis analysis. S‐AgNPs were also evaluated for anticoagulant and thrombolytic potential. In addition to the medical applications of S‐AgNPs, silver nanoparticles have been known to show potential industrial applications among which one application is the utilization of silver nanoparticles in the degradation of toxic industrial dyes. Therefore, degradation assay of Eosin Y and Methylene Blue dyes was estimated. The SEM analysis of S‐AgNPs showed the particle size of 50–65 nm, whereas the biocompatibility analysis showed that these S‐AgNPs are biocompatible at ≤400 μM concentration. The S‐AgNPs showed good anticoagulant potential and thrombolytic potential and were able to degrade 44% of the thrombus. The S‐AgNPs significantly degraded 76% of Eosin Y within 30 min, whereas Methylene Blue was 80% degraded within 20 min (P‐value ≤ .001). To the best of our knowledge, the dye degradation of Eosin Y, thrombolytic activity and anticoagulant activity of S‐AgNPs produced from the biomass of Spirulina platensis has been reported for the first time. In the current study, we conclude that our biosynthesized S‐AgNPs showed promising medical and industrial applications and these nanoparticles can be further evaluated and upscaled for large scale applications.