Biofabrication of gold nanoparticles using marine endophytic fungus – Penicillium citrinum

Abstract

Nanotechnology is one of the promising fields of research and generating new avenues and applications in medicine. Recently, marine floras such as, marine endophytes are gaining the attention of many researchers due to the myriad of bioactive molecules that they possess. In addition, they find applications in many pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. In this study, they have studied the green synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) from () and its antioxidant activity. was isolated from brown algae. The identity of the fungus was established by comparing its 18S rDNA sequence. AuNPs were synthesised using and were characterised by UV-visible spectrophotometer (UV-vis), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering (DLS). AuNPs were tested for free radical scavenging activity by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl method. The particle sizes of AuNps were determined by FESEM and DLS. The reduction of gold metal ion was confirmed from the UV-vis spectrum. AuNPs showed significant antioxidant potential and the activity was comparable to the standard ascorbic acid. Further, and studies on these AuNPs will help in developing an alternative, cost-effective and acceptable drug for various ailments.

Microbe‐Mediated Extracellular and Intracellular Mineralization: Environmental, Industrial, and Biotechnological Applications

“…Representative examples of metal nanoparticles produced by fungi are listed in Table 3 . Fungi such as Cladosporium oxysporum AJP03, [ 181 ] Yarrowia lipolytica , [ 223 ] Mariannaea sp., [ 236 ] and Penicillium citrinum [ 237 ] have been used to synthesize AuNPs. The mechanism involves reduction of Au 3+ and Au + by intracellular redox mediators and proteins derived from the cell walls of those organisms.…”

<p>Recent Developments in the Facile Bio-Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs) and Their Biomedical Applications</p>

“…This species has been recently exploited for the synthesis of NPs as compared to other microorganisms since they are capable of secreting plenty of proteins. 94 Fungi are easier to culture in laboratories as well as in industries as compared to other microorganisms. The production of AuNPs by fungi requires a shorter time period, higher yields, and is high in ion concentration tolerance.…”

“…The research group suggested that polyphenol and certain proteins in the fungus were involved in the bioreduction of the AuNPs. 94 Aspergillus sydowii was capable of producing AuNPs at a size of 8.7 to 15.6 nm. At lower concentrations of HAuCl 4 , larger size particles were obtained, while higher concentrations supported the synthesis of smaller particles which was due to strain properties.…”

Endophyte fungi, Cladosporium species-mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles possessing in vitro antioxidant, anti-diabetic and anti-Alzheimer activity

“…The antioxidant activity of CsAgNPs was may be due to presence phytochemicals present in the extract. According to Kharat and Mendhulkar [25], Manjunath et al [26] and Naveen et al [27], the antioxidant activity of AgNPs was due to presence of phenolic compound. But our endophytic aqueous extract exhibited important phytochemicals and all are these are reported as strong antioxidant molecular.…”