Biofabricating the vascular tree in engineered bone tissue

Silva, Leanne de; Bernal, Paulina Núñez; Rosenberg, AJW; Malda, Jos; Levato, Riccardo; Gawlitta, Debby

doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2022.08.051

Cited by 25 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 129 publications

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“…[ 84,85 ] Expanding on this toolkit, VolMEW introduces the ability to both tune the mechanical properties of the construct and to introduce custom‐designed patterns of microfibers, which have been used in previous work to facilitate stromal cell alignment. [ 31 ] Notably, and with broad applications beyond vascular‐mimetic printing, VolMEW allows to freely sculpt the hydrogel component, creating features that intertwine with the MEW mesh, or, for example, incorporate fenestrations and branches relevant for hierarchical networks, [ 86 ] and valve‐like structures, of relevance to regulating flow and local pressure in vessels and more generally in fluidic components. While conventional approaches (i.e., casting) are still suitable when producing simple, single‐component tubes, VolMEW does not require building and removing a physical mold, therefore facilitating the fabrication step, and improving precision.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volumetric Printing Across Melt Electrowritten Scaffolds Fabricates Multi‐Material Living Constructs with Tunable Architecture and Mechanics

et al. 2023

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Major challenges in biofabrication revolve around capturing the complex, hierarchical composition of native tissues. However, individual 3D printing techniques have limited capacity to produce composite biomaterials with multi‐scale resolution. Volumetric bioprinting recently emerged as a paradigm‐shift in biofabrication. This ultrafast, light‐based technique sculpts cell‐laden hydrogel bioresins into 3D structures in a layerless fashion, providing enhanced design freedom over conventional bioprinting. However, it yields prints with low mechanical stability, since soft, cell‐friendly hydrogels are used. Herein, the possibility to converge volumetric bioprinting with melt electrowriting, which excels at patterning microfibers, is shown for the fabrication of tubular hydrogel‐based composites with enhanced mechanical behavior. Despite including non‐transparent melt electrowritten scaffolds in the volumetric printing process, high‐resolution bioprinted structures are successfully achieved. Tensile, burst, and bending mechanical properties of printed tubes are tuned altering the electrowritten mesh design, resulting in complex, multi‐material tubular constructs with customizable, anisotropic geometries that better mimic intricate biological tubular structures. As a proof‐of‐concept, engineered tubular structures are obtained by building trilayered cell‐laden vessels, and features (valves, branches, fenestrations) that can be rapidly printed using this hybrid approach. This multi‐technology convergence offers a new toolbox for manufacturing hierarchical and mechanically tunable multi‐material living structures.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volumetric Printing Across Melt Electrowritten Scaffolds Fabricates Multi‐Material Living Constructs with Tunable Architecture and Mechanics

et al. 2023

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show abstract

“…[73, 74] Expanding on this toolkit, VolMEW introduces the ability to both tune the mechanical properties of the construct and to introduce custom-designed patterns of microfibers, which have been used in previous work to facilitate stromal cell alignment. [31] Notably, and with broad applications beyond of vascular-mimetic printing, VolMEW allows to freely sculpt the hydrogel component, creating features that intertwine with the MEW mesh, or, for example, incorporate fenestrations and branches relevant for hierarchical networks, [75] and valve-like structures, of relevance to regulate flow and local pressure in vessels and more generally in fluidic components. These architectures can be printed in seconds with no need for support materials, incorporating a mechanically reinforcing MEW mesh without compromising print resolution.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volumetric Printing across Melt Electrowritten Scaffolds Fabricates Multi-Material Living Constructs with Tunable Architecture and Mechanics

Groessbacher

Kopp

Gergely

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Major challenges in biofabrication revolve around capturing the complex, hierarchical composition of native tissues. However, individual 3D printing techniques have limited capacity to produce composite biomaterials with multi-scale resolution. Volumetric bioprinting recently emerged as a paradigm-shift in biofabrication. This ultra-fast, light-based technique sculpts cell-laden hydrogel bioresins into three-dimensional structures in a layerless fashion, providing unparalleled design freedom over conventional bioprinting. However, it yields prints with low mechanical stability, since soft, cell-friendly hydrogels are used. Herein, for the first time, the possibility to converge volumetric bioprinting with melt electrowriting, which excels at patterning microfibers, is shown for the fabrication of tubular hydrogel-based composites with enhanced mechanical behavior. Despite including non-transparent melt electrowritten scaffolds into the volumetric printing process, high-resolution bioprinted structures were successfully achieved. Tensile, burst and bending mechanical properties of printed tubes were tuned altering the electrowritten mesh design, resulting in complex, multi-material tubular constructs with customizable, anisotropic geometries that better mimic intricate biological tubular structures. As a proof-of-concept, engineered vessel-like structures were obtained by building tri-layered cell-laden vessels, and features (valves, branches, fenestrations) that could be resolved only by synergizing these printing methods. This multi-technology convergence offers a new toolbox for manufacturing hierarchical and mechanically tunable multi-material living structures.

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“…Correct signaling sequences of both osteoconductive and osteoinductive factors including bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) are essential. , Equally important in this healing cascade is the coactivity of angiogenic cells and their well-orchestrated physiological process known as angiogenesis. , It was discovered a century ago that the bone tissue possesses a remarkable network of highly vascularized blood vessels, extending through its osteons, Haversian/Volkmann’s canals in the cortical section, and penetrating into the medullary-positioned cancellous section . Clinical evidence has shown that the absence of these blood vessel networks within bone implants can result with major problems, such as necrosis in the center of the large grafts. − Moreover, the lack of a bone vessel network leads to poor graft viability and nonuniform osteointegration, both of which can ultimately lead to graft failure in the postoperative phase. ,,, One recent approach to accelerate bone restoration involves enhancing full graft integration by incorporating deep functional vasculatures within the bone graft system. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Growth Factor Delivery for 3D Bioprinting of Vascularized Bone with Adipose-Derived Stem/Stromal Cells as a Single Cell Source

Goker,

Derici,

Gokyer

et al. 2024

ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng.

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Encapsulating multiple growth factors within a scaffold enhances the regenerative capacity of engineered bone grafts through their localization and controls the spatiotemporal release profile. In this study, we bioprinted hybrid bone grafts with an inherent built-in controlled growth factor delivery system, which would contribute to vascularized bone formation using a single stem cell source, human adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (ASCs) in vitro. The strategy was to provide precise control over the ASC-derived osteogenesis and angiogenesis at certain regions of the graft through the activity of spatially positioned microencapsulated BMP-2 and VEGF within the osteogenic and angiogenic bioink during bioprinting. The 3D-bioprinted vascularized bone grafts were cultured in a perfusion bioreactor. Results proved localized expression of osteopontin and CD31 by the ASCs, which was made possible through the localized delivery activity of the built-in delivery system. In conclusion, this approach provided a methodology for generating off-the-shelf constructs for vascularized bone regeneration and has the potential to enable single-step, in situ bioprinting procedures for creating vascularized bone implants when applied to bone defects.

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Biofabricating the vascular tree in engineered bone tissue

Cited by 25 publications

References 129 publications

Volumetric Printing Across Melt Electrowritten Scaffolds Fabricates Multi‐Material Living Constructs with Tunable Architecture and Mechanics

Volumetric Printing Across Melt Electrowritten Scaffolds Fabricates Multi‐Material Living Constructs with Tunable Architecture and Mechanics

Volumetric Printing across Melt Electrowritten Scaffolds Fabricates Multi-Material Living Constructs with Tunable Architecture and Mechanics

Spatial Growth Factor Delivery for 3D Bioprinting of Vascularized Bone with Adipose-Derived Stem/Stromal Cells as a Single Cell Source

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