Bioengineered Cardiac Tissue Based on Human Stem Cells for Clinical Application

Avaca, Monica Jara; Gruh, Ina

doi:10.1007/10_2017_24

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 207 publications

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“…First and foremost, the unresolved controversy of identifying the optimal cell types for tissue engineering is still a major challenge[4,6,7]. While cell transplantation, organ transplantation, and tissue engineering are fundamentally different, there are essentially three varieties of sources: Autologous, allogeneic, and xenogeneic cells, each of which can be subdivided into several types of stem cells including adult and embryonic stem cells.…”

Section: Cell Source As a Major Challengementioning

confidence: 99%

Aging: A cell source limiting factor in tissue engineering

Khorraminejad-Shirazi¹,

Dorvash²,

Estedlal³

et al. 2019

WJSC

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Tissue engineering has yet to reach its ideal goal, i.e. creating profitable off-the-shelf tissues and organs, designing scaffolds and three-dimensional tissue architectures that can maintain the blood supply, proper biomaterial selection, and identifying the most efficient cell source for use in cell therapy and tissue engineering. These are still the major challenges in this field. Regarding the identification of the most appropriate cell source, aging as a factor that affects both somatic and stem cells and limits their function and applications is a preventable and, at least to some extents, a reversible phenomenon. Here, we reviewed different stem cell types, namely embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, and genetically modified stem cells, as well as their sources, i.e. autologous, allogeneic, and xenogeneic sources. Afterward, we approached aging by discussing the functional decline of aged stem cells and different intrinsic and extrinsic factors that are involved in stem cell aging including replicative senescence and Hayflick limit, autophagy, epigenetic changes, miRNAs, mTOR and AMPK pathways, and the role of mitochondria in stem cell senescence. Finally, various interventions for rejuvenation and geroprotection of stem cells are discussed. These interventions can be applied in cell therapy and tissue engineering methods to conquer aging as a limiting factor, both in original cell source and in the in vitro proliferated cells.

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Section: Cell Source As a Major Challengementioning

confidence: 99%

Aging: A cell source limiting factor in tissue engineering

Khorraminejad-Shirazi¹,

Dorvash²,

Estedlal³

et al. 2019

WJSC

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show abstract

“…Myocardial tissue engineering aims to reconstruct ideal myocardial tissue by combining cells with scaffolding polymers to replace and repair the damaged myocardium (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8). it involves 3 stages: isolation of the donor cells; development of the scaffold material; and construction of the engineered myocardial tissue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction of engineered myocardial tissues in�vitro with cardiomyocyte‑like cells and a polylactic‑co‑glycolic acid polymer

et al. 2019

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The aim of the present study was to explore the feasibility of the construction of engineered myocardial tissues in vitro with cardiomyocyte-like cells derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMScs) and a polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PlGa) polymer. The PlGa polymer was sheared into square pieces (10x10x1 mm), sterilized by co 60 irradiation, and hydrated in Dulbecco's modified eagle's medium for 1 h. BMMScs were isolated from the bone marrow of Sprague-dawley rats and the third passage cells were induced by 5-azacytidine (5-aza). Following successful induction, the cells were trypsinized and suspended at a density of 1x10 9 /ml. Then, the cell suspension was added to the PlGa scaffold and cultured for 14 days. The morphological changes of BMMScs were observed using phase contrast microscopy. Immunofluorescence staining was used to identify the cardiomyocyte-like cells. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&e) and immunohistochemical staining were used to observe the morphology of the engineered myocardial tissues. The cell adhesion rates and scanning electron microscopy were used to observe the compatibility of the cardiomyocyte-like cells and PlGa. Transmission electron microscopy was used to view the ultrastructure of the engineered myocardial tissues. BMMScs in primary culture presented round or short spindle cell morphologies. Following induction by 5-aza, the cells exhibited a long spindle shape and a parallel arrangement. analysis of the cell adhesion rates demonstrated that the majority of the cardiomyocyte-like cells had adhered to the PlGa scaffolds at 24 h. H&e staining suggested that the cardiomyocyte-like cells with spindle nuclei were evenly distributed in the PlGa scaffold. immunofluorescence staining revealed that the cardiomyocyte-like cells were positive for cardiac troponin i. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that the inoculated cells were well attached to the PlGa scaffold. Transmission electron microscopy indicated that the engineered myocardial tissues contained well-arranged myofilaments, desmosomes, gap junction and Z line-like structures. The present study successfully constructed engineered myocardial tissues in vitro with a PlGa polymer and cardiomyocyte-like cells derived from BMMScs, which are likely to share various structural similarities with the original heart tissue.

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Bioengineered Cardiac Tissue Based on Human Stem Cells for Clinical Application

Cited by 2 publications

References 207 publications

Aging: A cell source limiting factor in tissue engineering

Aging: A cell source limiting factor in tissue engineering

Construction of engineered myocardial tissues in�vitro with cardiomyocyte‑like cells and a polylactic‑co‑glycolic acid polymer

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