Bioenergetics of salmonid fishes: Energy intake, expenditure and productivity

Cho, C.Y.; Slinger, S. J.; Bayley, H. S.

doi:10.1016/0305-0491(82)90198-5

Cited by 501 publications

(493 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The energy budget of juvenile lenok fed at the maximum ration was: 100ME=60.68HE+39.32RE (calculated from Table 5). The assimilation was similar to values of 60%-90% reported in salmonids fed on formulated diets (Cho et al, 1982). Cui and Liu (1990) calculated a mean energy budget based on 14 previously published budgets for fi sh fed on maximum rations: 100ME=60HE+40RE, where ME is metabolizable energy, which is calculated as ME=ZE-FE-(UE+ZE).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Growth and energy budget of juvenile lenok Brachymystax lenok in relation to ration level

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2014

Chin. J. Ocean. Limnol.

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We evaluated the effect of ration level (RL) on the growth and energy budget of lenok Brachymystax lenok . Juvenile lenok (initial mean body weight 3.06±0.13 g) were fed for 21 d at fi ve different ration levels: starvation, 2%, 3%, 4% bwd (body weight per day, based on initial mean values), and apparent satiation. Feed consumption, apparent digestibility, and growth were directly measured. Specifi c growth rates in terms of wet weight, dry weight, protein, and energy increased logarithmically with an increase in ration levels. The relationship between specifi c growth rate in terms of wet weight (SGR w , %/d) and RL (%) was characterized by a decelerating curve: SGR w =-1.417+3.166ln(RL+1). The apparent digestibility coeffi cients of energy exhibited a decreasing pattern with increasing ration level, and there was a signifi cant difference among different RLs. Body composition was signifi cantly affected by ration size. The relationship between feed effi ciency rate in terms of energy (FERe) and RL was: FERe=-14.167+23.793RL-3.367(RL) 2 , and the maximum FERe was observed at a 3.53% ration. The maintenance requirement for energy of juvenile lenok was 105.39 kJ BW (kg) -0.80 /d , the utilization effi ciency of DE for growth was 0.496. The energy budget equation at satiation was: 100IE=29.03FE+5.78(ZE+UE)+39.56 HE+25.63 RE, where IE is feed energy, FE is fecal energy, ZE+UE is excretory energy, HE is heat production, and RE is recovered energy. Our results suggest that the most suitable feeding rate for juvenile lenok aquaculture for wet weight growth is 2.89% bwd, whereas for energy growth, the suggested rate is 3.53% bwd at this growth stage.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Growth and energy budget of juvenile lenok Brachymystax lenok in relation to ration level

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2014

Chin. J. Ocean. Limnol.

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“…The objectives of the present study were to: (1) determine the apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of protein and energy and the digestible energy (DE) content of a wide range of feed ingredients available in Canada including fish meals, crustacean by-product meals, animal by-product meals and plant-based meals when included at 30% in the diet for Atlantic cod and (2) test the assumption that the basal mix portion of the test diet (70%) and the test feed ingredient (30%) are digested independently of one another (Cho et al, 1982).…”

Section: A U T H O R ' S P E R S O N a L C O P Ymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1), which was a modification of the Guelph system (Cho et al, 1982). The modifications were made in order to (1) utilize a single, circular fiberglass tank as the experimental unit rather than triple, grouped rectangular tanks and (2) increase the rate and quantity of fecal recovery by repositioning the fecal collection column directly below the drain at the bottom of the tank.…”

Section: Digestibility System and Fecal Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For digestibility data of single feed ingredients to be useful in least-cost ration formulations, it is assumed that the protein ADC or DE content of the single feed ingredient and the protein ADC or DE content of the basal mix portion of the diet are independent of one another (Cho et al, 1982). If this assumption is true, then the calculated (or predicted) protein ADC or DE content of a test diet and the actual measured protein ADC or DE content of the test diet would always be the same.…”

Section: Test Diet Independencymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Apparent protein and energy digestibility of common and alternative feed ingredients by Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua (Linnaeus, 1758)

2006

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“…In vivo digestibility determinations.-The nutritional values of the three DDGS products (Valero DDGS, Wentworth DDGS, and HPDDG) were evaluated by determining the apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of nutrients and energy and the apparent availability coefficients (AACs) of amino acids in compounded, extruded diets using the methods described by Cho et al (1982) and Bureau et al (1999). All diets were labeled using yttrium oxide as the inert marker.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of a Mycotoxin Deactivation Product on Growth of Juvenile Rainbow Trout Fed Distillers Dried Grains

et al. 2015

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Distillers dried grains (DDG) with solubles (DDGS) is a product that has shown potential as a protein source for some fish species, but high inclusion rates of DDGS have not always been successfully achieved for Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Our objective was to determine whether inclusion of a mycotoxin deactivation product (Biofix Plus) could improve the ability of high‐protein DDG (HPDDG) to replace a portion of the fish meal in diets for Rainbow Trout. The 2 × 2 factorial feeding trial examined protein source (menhaden fish meal [MFM] or HPDDG) with or without Biofix Plus. A control diet (42% digestible protein, 20% crude lipid, 25% MFM) was compared to a test diet in which HPDDG replaced 12% of the total MFM on a digestible‐protein basis (24% HPDDG inclusion). Diets were fed to juvenile Rainbow Trout (initial weight: mean ± SE = 30.5 ± 1.6 g) in four replicate tanks per treatment for 9 weeks in a 15°C recirculating system. At the conclusion of the feeding trial, we observed no negative effects of fish meal replacement on growth or feed conversion ratio; no benefit of Biofix Plus supplementation was observed. These data indicate that when Rainbow Trout diets containing a high‐quality DDGS product are balanced for digestible protein, lysine, methionine, and threonine, dietary fish meal levels can be successfully reduced to 13% without compromising growth and without the need for mycotoxin deactivator inclusion.

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Bioenergetics of salmonid fishes: Energy intake, expenditure and productivity

Cited by 501 publications

References 31 publications

Growth and energy budget of juvenile lenok Brachymystax lenok in relation to ration level

Growth and energy budget of juvenile lenok Brachymystax lenok in relation to ration level

Apparent protein and energy digestibility of common and alternative feed ingredients by Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua (Linnaeus, 1758)

The Effect of a Mycotoxin Deactivation Product on Growth of Juvenile Rainbow Trout Fed Distillers Dried Grains

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