Bioemulsifiers are not biosurfactants and require different screening approaches

Uzoigwe, Chibuzo; Burgess, J. Grant; Ennis, Christopher J.; Rahman, Pattanathu

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015.00245

Cited by 250 publications

(176 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Biosurfactants are amphipathic molecules with different degrees of polarity, which means they can be used to reduce surface tension, and to form emulsions where the hydrocarbon can be solubilized in water and is thus called a bioemulsifier [1,2]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, compounds of high molecular weight and capable of forming and stabilizing emulsions are referred to as bioemulsifiers or bioemulsans. These are polymers of polysaccharides, lipo-polysaccharides, proteins and lipoproteins while biosurfactants are represented by compounds of low molecular weight, amongst which lipopeptides and glycolipids are included [2,3,4]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Waste Soybean Oil and Corn Steep Liquor as Economic Substrates for Bioemulsifier and Biodiesel Production by Candida lipolytica UCP 0998

Souza

Rodríguez

Ribeaux

et al. 2016

IJMS

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Almost all oleaginous microorganisms are available for biodiesel production, and for the mechanism of oil accumulation, which is what makes a microbial approach economically competitive. This study investigated the potential that the yeast Candida lipolytica UCP0988, in an anamorphous state, has to produce simultaneously a bioemulsifier and to accumulate lipids using inexpensive and alternative substrates. Cultivation was carried out using waste soybean oil and corn steep liquor in accordance with 22 experimental designs with 1% inoculums (107 cells/mL). The bioemulsifier was produced in the cell-free metabolic liquid in the late exponential phase (96 h), at Assay 4 (corn steep liquor 5% and waste soybean oil 8%), with 6.704 UEA, IE24 of 96.66%, and showed an anionic profile. The emulsion formed consisted of compact small and stable droplets (size 0.2–5 µm), stable at all temperatures, at pH 2 and 4, and 2% salinity, and showed an ability to remove 93.74% of diesel oil from sand. The displacement oil (ODA) showed 45.34 cm2 of dispersion (central point of the factorial design). The biomass obtained from Assay 4 was able to accumulate lipids of 0.425 g/g biomass (corresponding to 42.5%), which consisted of Palmitic acid (28.4%), Stearic acid (7.7%), Oleic acid (42.8%), Linoleic acid (19.0%), and γ-Linolenic acid (2.1%). The results showed the ability of C. lipopytica to produce both bioemulsifier and biodiesel using the metabolic conversion of waste soybean oil and corn steep liquor, which are economic renewable sources.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waste Soybean Oil and Corn Steep Liquor as Economic Substrates for Bioemulsifier and Biodiesel Production by Candida lipolytica UCP 0998

Souza

Rodríguez

Ribeaux

et al. 2016

IJMS

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“…The streak plate method was applied under aseptic conditions. Inoculated Nutrient Agar was incubated at 30°C for 24 h. The growth of B. subtilis SA-6 on Nutrient Agar was used to inoculate 150 mL Nutrient Broth (Oxoid CM001, Hampshire, England) [16,17] in a 250 mL conical flask by swabbing a B. subtilis SA-6 colony, using a sterilised inoculum loop and mixing the loop in the fresh liquid Nutrient Broth. The inoculated liquid broth was incubated at 30°C for 24 h at 150 rpm.…”

Section: Microorganisms and Culture Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosurfactant Production and Biodegradation of Leather Dust from Tannery

Greenwell¹,

Sarker²,

Rahman³

2016

TOBIOTJ

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Background:The leather industry contributes vast amounts of pollution damaging to aquatic and terrestrial environments. Leather dust is a chromium-contaminated waste produced from the shaving and buffering processes involved in leather tanning. Microorganisms have been investigated for their usefulness in bioremediation and recycling of waste materials. Solid leather waste is the current focus of material to be remediated in this study. Objective:The present work focuses on the development of a process to degrade the leather dust protein with the aim of removing the chromium bound within the protein. As part of the study, detecting the presence of biosurfactant production was performed to fuel further interest in value-added by-products of the process. Method:Bacillus subtilis SA-6 was used to treat the leather dust over a 10 day shake flask study. Daily samples were taken and analysed for chromium content by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. The surface tension of the shake flask cultures was also investigated to detect for any valuable by-products such as biosurfactants for future prospects of developing an economically viable process. Results:Chromium concentration demonstrated an exponential increase between 0-120 h in shake flask experiments. In the presence of B. subtilis SA-6 chromium concentration in cell free supernatant increased from 0.13±0.09 mg/L to 190.81±20.18 mg/L compared to when B. subtilis SA-6 was absent. Surface tension decreased during fermentation from 53.23±0.92 mN/m to 30.13±0.15 mN/m in 24 h. Conclusion:This study demonstrates a waste management process, which detoxifies solid tannery waste to reduce environmental pollution, whilst yielding value-added products (such as biosurfactant) to provide an economically viable bioprocess with potential for large-scale development.

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“…Those assays considered the important properties of higher dispersion oil activity, lower surface tension of the tension active agent, and bioemulsification. According to Uzoigwe et al (2015), emulsification index test is a suitable screening method for detection of bioemulsifier producing microorganisms.…”

Section: Dispersing Capacity and Emulsification Activity Of The Rhizomentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and improved selected markers to biosurfactant and bioemulsifier production by Rhizopus strains isolated from Caatinga soil

Pele¹,

Rodríguez²,

Ribeaux³

et al. 2018

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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This study screened four Rhizopus species as biosurfactant producers using different markers. First of all, Rhizopus spp. UCP 1607 was identified as Rhizopus arrhizus by morphological and molecular methods. The production of biosurfactant/bioemulsifier was investigated by submerged fermentation using soybean post-frying oil (5% v/v) and sodium glutamate (1% w/v) medium. The primary markers' hemolysis and parafilm M tests showed that R. arrhizus UCP1607 strain exhibited higher hemolytic activity (49 mm of clear zone) on sheep blood agar and a larger drop diameter (12 mm) on parafilm hydrophobic surface. The experimental results showed the most promising biosurfactant production by R. arrhizus UCP 1607 strain led to a reduction of surface tension (31.8 mN/m) and the diameter of the oil-spreading covered an area of 66.4 cm 2 . The strains Rhizopus microsporus var. chinensis UCP1296, R. microsporus var. microsporus UCP1304, and R. arrhizus UCP1607 were capable of forming stable emulsions corresponding to 91.7, 94.8, and 82.6%, respectively in crude oil.

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Bioemulsifiers are not biosurfactants and require different screening approaches

Cited by 250 publications

References 41 publications

Waste Soybean Oil and Corn Steep Liquor as Economic Substrates for Bioemulsifier and Biodiesel Production by Candida lipolytica UCP 0998

Waste Soybean Oil and Corn Steep Liquor as Economic Substrates for Bioemulsifier and Biodiesel Production by Candida lipolytica UCP 0998

Biosurfactant Production and Biodegradation of Leather Dust from Tannery

Development and improved selected markers to biosurfactant and bioemulsifier production by Rhizopus strains isolated from Caatinga soil

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