Biodosimetry and Biodosimetry Networks for Managing Radiation Emergency

Kulka, Ulrike; Wójcik, Andrzej; Giorgio, Marina Di; Wilkins, Russell; Suto, Yumiko; Jang, Saebyeol; Quing-Jie, L.; Jiaxiang, L.; Ainsbury, Elizabeth A.; Woda, Clemens; Roy, Laurence; Li, C.; Lloyd, David; Carr, Zhanat

doi:10.1093/rpd/ncy137

Cited by 33 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…One approach to tackle this problem is based on networking among national and/or international laboratories. In recent years, several international networks for biological dosimetry were established in Europe, Asia, Latin American, Canada and the United States (Kulka et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RENEB/EURADOS field exercise 2019: robust dose estimation under outdoor conditions based on the dicentric chromosome assay

Endesfelder

Oestreicher

Kulka

et al. 2021

International Journal of Radiation Biology

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RENEB/EURADOS field exercise 2019: robust dose estimation under outdoor conditions based on the dicentric chromosome assay

Endesfelder

Oestreicher

Kulka

et al. 2021

International Journal of Radiation Biology

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“…Nevertheless, due to the huge time and effort required for the conventional, manual scoring of dicentric chromosomes by skilled human scorers (Oestreicher et al 2018), it has only limited suitability for large scale radiation accidents with high numbers of potentially exposed individuals. Various approaches such as networking among international laboratories (Kulka et al 2018), scoring in triage mode (Di Giorgio et al 2011;Wilkins et al 2011;Oestreicher et al 2017) and scoring in a less restrictive manner (Flegal et al 2010;Flegal et al 2012) have been successfully developed in recent years to overcome these limitations. In addition, technical developments in automatic image analysis (Schunck et al 2004) enable accelerated counting of dicentric chromosomes by semiautomated scoring strategies (Vaurijoux et al 2009;Romm et al 2013;Oestreicher et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the accuracy of dose estimates from automatically scored dicentric chromosomes by accounting for chromosome number

Endesfelder

Kulka

Einbeck

et al. 2020

International Journal of Radiation Biology

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Purpose: The traditional workflow for biological dosimetry based on manual scoring of dicentric chromosomes is very time consuming. Especially for large-scale scenarios or for low-dose exposures, high cell numbers have to be analyzed, requiring alternative scoring strategies. Semiautomatic scoring of dicentric chromosomes provides an opportunity to speed up the standard workflow of biological dosimetry. Due to automatic metaphase and chromosome detection, the number of counted chromosomes per metaphase is variable. This can potentially introduce overdispersion and statistical methods for conventional, manual scoring might not be applicable to data obtained by automatic scoring of dicentric chromosomes, potentially resulting in biased dose estimates and underestimated uncertainties. The identification of sources for overdispersion enables the development of methods appropriately accounting for increased dispersion levels. Materials and methods: Calibration curves based on in vitro irradiated (137-Cs; 0.44 Gy/min) blood from three healthy donors were analyzed for systematic overdispersion, especially at higher doses (>2 Gy) of low LET radiation. For each donor, 12 doses in the range of 0-6 Gy were scored semi-automatically. The effect of chromosome number as a potential cause for the observed overdispersion was assessed. Statistical methods based on interaction models accounting for the number of detected chromosomes were developed for the estimation of calibration curves, dose and corresponding uncertainties. The dose estimation was performed based on a Bayesian Markov-Chain-Monte-Carlo method, providing high flexibility regarding the implementation of priors, likelihood and the functional form of the association between predictors and dicentric counts. The proposed methods were validated by simulations based on cross-validation. Results: Increasing dose dependent overdispersion was observed for all three donors as well as considerable differences in dicentric counts between donors. Variations in the number of detected chromosomes between metaphases were identified as a major source for the observed overdispersion and the differences between donors. Persisting overdispersion beyond the contribution of chromosome number was modeled by a Negative Binomial distribution. Results from cross-validation suggested that the proposed statistical methods for dose estimation reduced bias in dose estimates, variability between dose estimates and improved the coverage of the estimated confidence intervals. However, the 95% confidence intervals were still slightly too permissive, suggesting additional unknown sources of apparent overdispersion. Conclusions: A major source for the observed overdispersion could be identified, and statistical methods accounting for overdispersion introduced by variations in the number of detected chromosomes were developed, enabling more robust dose estimation and quantification of uncertainties for semi-automatic counting of dicentric chromosomes.

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“…The CCMRRE performs annual national biodosimetry intercomparison to evaluate each laboratory’s capability of biological dose assessment. The biodosimetry laboratories in China also participate in the construction of the Asian Biodosimetry Network and joined, in 2017, the international biodosimetry comparison organized by the Asian Radiation Dosimetry Group (ARADOS) [ 19 ]. In the future, China will actively consider organizing regional biodosimetry intercomparison and performing biodosimetry training for professional personnel from developing countries under the framework of the WHO-CC, and continue to participate in the activities of the Asian Biodosimetry Network.…”

Section: Prospects For the Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

System and capability of public health response to nuclear or radiological emergencies in China

Yuan

Liu

2021

Journal of Radiation Research

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In order to respond to nuclear or radiological emergencies effectively and protect the physical and mental health of the public, the national-, provincial-, municipal- and county-level public health response systems for nuclear or radiological emergencies had been established in China by the end of twentieth century. The health administrative departments at all levels have established professional emergency response teams, continue to improve their own level of emergency response systems and operating mechanisms, enhance the capabilities of radiation injury treatment, radiation monitoring and protection through training and exercises and also pay attention to the logistical support for emergency response. In this article the organizations, management system and capabilities of public health response to nuclear or radiological emergencies in China are briefly introduced. We try to strengthen information exchange and cooperation with foreign counterparts in this field in the future, so as to jointly promote the development of preparedness and response for nuclear or radiological emergencies.

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Biodosimetry and Biodosimetry Networks for Managing Radiation Emergency

Cited by 33 publications

References 26 publications

RENEB/EURADOS field exercise 2019: robust dose estimation under outdoor conditions based on the dicentric chromosome assay

RENEB/EURADOS field exercise 2019: robust dose estimation under outdoor conditions based on the dicentric chromosome assay

Improving the accuracy of dose estimates from automatically scored dicentric chromosomes by accounting for chromosome number

System and capability of public health response to nuclear or radiological emergencies in China

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