Biodiversity and phylogeography of Arctic marine fauna: insights from molecular tools

Mincks, Sarah L.; Carr, Christina M.; Hardman, Michael; Steinke, Dirk; Corstorphine, Erin A.; Mah, Christopher L.

doi:10.1007/s12526-010-0056-x

Cited by 84 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 126 publications

(122 reference statements)

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“…Through applying such approaches, it was, for example, possible to identify Echinocardium cordatum larvae to be responsible for pronounced changes in the North Sea meroplankton due to increasing abundance and spatial distribution, which was viewed as a positive response to the increasing sea surface temperature in the North Sea [7,8,43]. Most of the comprehensive molecular genetic biodiversity studies on echinoderms were conducted off the coasts of southern and western Australia and New Zealand [44], in the coastal waters of Canada [45] and in the Arctic [46]. Ophiuroidea are studied in Icelandic waters [47].…”

Section: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species identification of echinoderms from the North Sea by combining morphology and molecular data

et al. 2016

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Background: Taxonomic uncertainties in the morphological species identification and taxonomic revisions in individual groups are known for all echinoderm classes. These uncertainties in morphological species identification and discrimination have spawned the application of molecular genetic identification techniques. However, as the fundamental step to allow and ensure future molecular species identification, valid and comprehensive reference library entries comprising morphological and molecular species information together with various metadata are essentially needed. In our study we compare morphological and molecular genetic species identification techniques for representatives of North Sea echinoderm classes, i.e. the Asteroidea, Ophiuroidea, Echinoidea and Holothuroidea.Methods: Individuals were sampled during different surveys in different regions of the North Sea, identified to species level based on morphological diagnostic features, and were genetically analysed using a fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI). Results and Discussion:The morphological determination revealed 32 species including one taxon determined only to genus level. In contrast to this, the COI analysis supported 34 monophyletic clades with pronounced differences between the intra-and the inter-specific genetic variability (a barcoding gap of 4.93 %) with highest intra-specific variabilities found in the ophiuroid species Amphiura filiformis, A. chiajei and Ophiura sarsii. In 94 % of the investigated species, morphological identification and COI sequence clusters were congruent whereas for two asteroid species we found an underestimated diversity. For Astropecten irregularis, one of the most common starfish species of the North Sea, we found two distinct and possibly depth-related clades, probably sibling species, differing by 11.1-11.9 % sequence divergences (p-distances). For two starfish individuals, morphologically identified as Henricia sanguinolenta, the COI analysis revealed two monophyletic clades, of which one was classified as H. cf. oculata by comparison to published sequences. Conclusions:This newly established sequence reference library for the North Sea Echinodermata allows and ensures future molecular species identification for various life-cycle stages including juveniles and meroplanktonic larvae and provides sequences for phylogeographic studies and the detection of sibling as well as cryptic species.

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Section: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species identification of echinoderms from the North Sea by combining morphology and molecular data

et al. 2016

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“…For this reason, DNA barcoding has often been suggested as a useful additional tool for identifying those taxa, which are problematic to delimit using morphometric techniques alone (Webb et al 2006). Molecular methods may hold advantages over morphological approaches when identifying larval or juvenile stages (Hardy et al 2011 and references therein) as these overcome difficulties evoked from the frequent lack of unique morphometric characteristics separating species (Larsen et al 2007). Consequently, the combination of DNA barcoding and morphometric techniques has fundamentally strengthened the identification of species in previous polar taxonomic studies and should be considered standard for a more robust taxonomic resolution Sewell et al 2006;Webb et al 2006;Heimeier et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonality of bivalve larvae within a high Arctic fjord

et al. 2016

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The temporal and spatial distribution of larval plankton of high latitudes is poorly understood. The objective of this work is to identify the occurrence and abundance of pelagic bivalve larvae within a high Arctic fjord (Adventfjorden, Svalbard) and to reveal their seasonal dynamics in relation to environmental variables-temperature, salinity and chlorophyll a-between December 2011 and January 2013. We applied a combination of DNA barcoding of mitochondrial 16S ribosomal RNA and morphological analysis to identify the bivalve larvae found within the plankton and demonstrate a strong seasonality in the occurrence of bivalve larvae, largely coinciding with periods of primary productivity. Seasonal occurrences of bivalve larval species differ from those known for other populations across species' biogeographic distribution ranges. Serripes groenlandicus, which is of circum-Arctic distribution, demonstrated a later occurrence than Mya truncata or Hiatella arctica, which are of predominantly boreal or cosmopolitan distribution, respectively. S. groenlandicus larvae demonstrate the most pronounced response to seasonality, with the shortest presence in the water column. Establishing latitudinal differences in the occurrence of bivalve larvae enhances our understanding of how reproductive traits of marine invertebrates may respond to climate-driven seasonal shifts in the occurrence of primary productivity.

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“…These findings show that the entire northeast Atlantic region has played an important role in the diversification of the marine biota, especially in the case of cold-water species. Some authors, however, suggest that the situation is a bit more complicated, including dispersal and gene flow going in both directions (Hardy et al 2011). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic divergence of tanaidaceans (Crustacea: Peracarida) with low dispersal ability

Larsen¹,

Tuya

Froufe³

2014

Sci. Mar.

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Summary:In this study, the phylogeographic patterns of nuclear, ribosomal and mtDNA gene fragments of five tanaidacean species (Zeuxo, Tanaidae) from the Atlantic, Pacific and Mediterranean Sea were investigated. We aimed to interpret results in the framework of current hypotheses on the distribution of small invertebrates with very limited dispersal ability. Evidence for a surprisingly high genetic divergence was found for intertidal tanaidaceans from the North Atlantic. This is a result of poor dispersal potential, as tanaidaceans have direct development, no pelagic stage, and very limited swimming capacity. However, lower genetic divergence was found between an intertidal tanaid species from the North Atlantic and two from the North Pacific, which suggests a scenario of recent colonization following the last glacial maximum. The species Zeuxo normani was found to be a species complex consisting, at least, of Z. normani (California), Z. cf. normani (Japan), Z. cf. normani (Australia), Z. sp. A (Korea), and Z. holdichi (Spain and France). Our results showed that traditional species identification underestimates tanaidacean diversity and that what have been previously perceived as reliable diagnostic morphological characters, are, however, variable and unreliable.Keywords: genetic divergence; morphological differences; 28S; H3; COI; Crustacea; Tanaidacea; Zeuxo. Divergencia genética de tanaidáceos (Crustacea: Peracarida) con baja capacidad de dispersiónResumen: En este estudio, investigamos los patrones filogeográficos de fragmentos de ADN nuclear, ribosómico y mitocondrial de 5 especies de tanaidáceos (Zeuxo, Tanaidae) del Atlántico, Pacífico y Mediterráneo. Nos propusimos interpretar los resultados en el marco de hipótesis sobre la distribución de pequeños invertebrados con limitada capacidad de dispersión. Encontramos evidencia de una sorprendentemente alta diferenciación genética para tanaidáceos del medio intermareal del Atlántico Norte. Esto es resultado de una limitada capacidad de dispersión, ya que los tanaidáceos poseen desarrollo directo, carecen de estadíos pelágicos, y una limitada capacidad natatoria. Sin embargo, encontramos una baja diferenciación genética para una especie de tanaidáceo del Atlántico Norte y dos del Pacífico Norte, lo que sugiere un escenario de reciente colonización tras la última glaciación. La especie Zeuxo normani constituye un complejo de especies que, al menos, agrupa a Z. normani (Califonia), Z. cf. normani (Japón), Z. cf. normani (Australia), Z. sp. A (Corea) y Z. holdichi (España y Francia). Nuestros resultados mostraron que la forma tradicional de identificar tanaidáceos subestima su diversidad y que lo que previamente se consideraron como caracteres morfológicos claramente diferenciadores son, sin embargo, variables y poco fiables.Palabras clave: diferencias genéticas; diferencias morfológicas; 28S; COI; crustáceos, tanaidáceos, Zeuxo.Citation/Como citar este artículo: Larsen K., Tuya F., Froufe E. 2014. Genetic divergence of tanaidaceans (Crustacea: Peracarida) with l...

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Biodiversity and phylogeography of Arctic marine fauna: insights from molecular tools

Cited by 84 publications

References 126 publications

Species identification of echinoderms from the North Sea by combining morphology and molecular data

Species identification of echinoderms from the North Sea by combining morphology and molecular data

Seasonality of bivalve larvae within a high Arctic fjord

Genetic divergence of tanaidaceans (Crustacea: Peracarida) with low dispersal ability

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