Biodiversity and Pest Management in Orchard Systems

Simon, Sylvaine; Bouvier, Jean‐Charles; Debras, Jean François; Sauphanor, Benoît

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-0394-0_30

Cited by 46 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…The attractiveness of apple orchards for birds may be explained by the presence of a large diversity of multi-strata perennial habitats both within the orchards (apple trees and grassy ground cover) and surrounding orchards (e.g., hedgerows) [25]. In the present study, all orchards had a grassy ground cover and were bordered by two or three cypress (Cupressus sp.)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apple orchard pest control strategies affect bird communities in southeastern France

Bouvier

Ricci

Agerberg

et al. 2010

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Birds are regarded as appropriate biological indicators of how changes in agricultural practices affect the environment. They are also involved in the biocontrol of pests. In the present study, we provide an assessment of the impact of pest control strategies on bird communities in apple orchards in southeastern France. We compared the structure (abundance, species richness, and diversity) of breeding bird communities in 15 orchards under conventional or organic pest control over a three-year period (2003-2005). Pest control strategies and their evolution over time were characterized by analyzing farmers' treatment schedules. The landscape surrounding the orchards was characterized using a Geographic Information System. We observed 30 bird species overall. Bird abundance, species richness, and diversity were all affected by pest control strategies, and were highest in organic orchards and lowest in conventional orchards during the three study years. The pest control strategy affected insectivores more than granivores. We further observed a tendency for bird communities in integrated pest management orchards to change over time and become increasingly different from communities in organic orchards, which also corresponded to changes in treatment schedules. These findings indicate that within-orchard bird communities may respond quickly to changes in pesticide use and may, in turn, influence biocontrol of pests by birds.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apple orchard pest control strategies affect bird communities in southeastern France

Bouvier

Ricci

Agerberg

et al. 2010

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…Among crops, vineyards may play an important role in preserving agro-ecosystem biodiversity, as they are permanent and heterogeneous systems with a multi-strata design (Simon et al, 2010), where vine rows alternate with potentially undisturbed strips, or at least less disturbed when compared with annual crops or orchards (Bruggisser et al, 2010). The potential contribution of vineyards to increasing agrosystem biodiversity, and plant diversity in particular, however, depends on the landscape characteristics, the adopted agriculture strategy (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The potential contribution of vineyards to increasing agrosystem biodiversity, and plant diversity in particular, however, depends on the landscape characteristics, the adopted agriculture strategy (i.e. conventional, integrated, organic) (Nascimbene et al, 2012) and the management and characteristics of neighbouring areas (Thomson & Hoffmann, 2009;Simon et al, 2010). These are some of the reasons why conflicting results emerged from the few studies on plant diversity in vineyards (Gago et al, 2007;Bruggisser et al, 2010;Nascimbene et al, 2012;.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Diversity in an Intensively Cultivated Vineyard Agroecosystem (Langhe, North-West Italy)

Mania

Isocrono

Pedullà³

et al. 2015

SAJEV

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In areas of intensive agriculture, wild plant species are confined to field margins, thus they play a role in protecting biodiversity. The aim of the present study was to assess plant diversity in an area of intensive viticulture and to evaluate, for the first time, the impact of field margins on vineyard flora biodiversity. The study was conducted in North-West Italy, were five categories of floristic lists in vineyard-margin pairs were sampled and compared. Five margins were identified: grass-covered (A) and bare (B) headlands, small (C) and wide (D) woodlands, and shrub and herbaceous (E) areas. Two hundred and fifty-two taxa were found, although only 19 were widespread. Differences among categories emerged, highlighting the high floristic complexity of the sites surrounded by wide wooded areas (D). The findings suggest an influence of margin size, in addition to margin type, on the floristic richness of the vineyard. Moreover, an inverse relationship between species richness and both the presence of Poaceae and the degree of soil grass coverage emerged. Enhancing biodiversity, at landscape and field level, by the appropriate management of cover crops and ecological infrastructures, within and around vineyards, could be a strategy in sustainable viticulture. The increase in plant species richness is not an end in itself, but it might help to promote biodiversity at different trophic levels.

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“…Commercial organic apple orchards in the South-East of France are a highly sprayed crop with, on average, 25 pesticides applied each year (Sauphanor et al, 2009;Marliac et al, 2015). An additional advantage of orchards is their perennial and multi-strata status (soil surface, grass and trees) in which habitat management is thought to have greater effects (Landis et al, 2000;Simon et al, 2010). This means that the effects observed on natural enemies may be increased and/or stabilised by the repeated application of the same agricultural practices over years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Management diversity within organic production influences epigeal spider communities in apple orchards

Marliac

Mazzia

Pasquet

et al. 2016

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

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Biodiversity and Pest Management in Orchard Systems

Cited by 46 publications

References 82 publications

Apple orchard pest control strategies affect bird communities in southeastern France

Apple orchard pest control strategies affect bird communities in southeastern France

Plant Diversity in an Intensively Cultivated Vineyard Agroecosystem (Langhe, North-West Italy)

Management diversity within organic production influences epigeal spider communities in apple orchards

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