Biodiesel Production Viaacid Catalysis

Çanakçı, Mustafa; Gerpen, Jon Van

doi:10.13031/2013.13285

Cited by 653 publications

(362 citation statements)

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“…It is found that existence the addition of 0.5 water to a mixture of oil, methanol, and sulfuric acid could reduce ester conversion from 95 to below 90 . Also at a water content of 5 , ester conversion decreased to only 5.6 11 . Thereby, the fi ltered oil is heated at 120 for 5 min to remove the moisture.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Acid Esterification-Alkaline Transesterification Process for Methyl Ester Production from Crude Rubber Seed Oil

2012

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Acid Esterification-Alkaline Transesterification Process for Methyl Ester Production from Crude Rubber Seed Oil

2012

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“…Several investigators reported that the yield and separation of biodiesel from glycerol depends on the type of alcohol used during transestrification reaction [18]. Utilization of methanol rather than ethanol in the transestrification reaction enhances glycerol and biodiesel separation easily.…”

Section: Effect Of Operating Condition On Transestrificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation and Characterization of Biodiesel Production from Leather Industry Fleshing Wastes

Getahun¹

2013

IJRSE

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Production of biodiesel from industrial waste oil is becoming a primary candidate to overcome the problems associated with energy crisis and environmental pollution. In this study, low cost feed stocks leather industry fleshing waste was investigated experimentally for the production of biodiesel. The fleshing oil, which was investigated experimentally, had high acid value of 24.66mgKOH/g and FFA level of 12.33%. As a result, acid pretreatment followed by transestrifcation reaction path was chosen to produce biodiesel. Boric acid was used to reduce the lime of the flesh and sulfuric acid as catalyst and methanol as alcohol were used to reduce the FFA of the fleshing oil bellow 2.5% in the pretreatment reaction. After reducing the FFA of the fleshing oil bellow 2.5%, transestrification reaction was conducted with alkaline catalyst potassium hydroxide. Several experiments were performed in a wide range of operating conditions to screen out the optimum operating parameters for the extraction of biodiesel from fleshing oil. The result demonstrated that 6:1 ration of methanol to oil, 1% of catalyst, temperature of 60 o c and a contact time of 1hr are found to be the optimum operating parameters in the transesterification reaction. Over 97% conversion of the oil was achieved at the specified optimum operating conditions. Characterization the produced FAME reveals that viscosity of 4.47mm 2 /s, density of 876kg/m 3 , cetane number of 40.7 and iodine value of 61.3gI 2 /100ml were obtained. The fleshing oil biodiesel was compared with the international standards (ASTM and EN) and the result was in good agreement.

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“…Enzyme-catalyzed procedures using lipase as a catalyst do not result in any side re actions 15) 17) , but the lipases are expensive for use in industrial scale production. Acid-catalyzed processes are useful if a large amount of free acids is present in the vegetable oil 18), 19) , but the reaction time is very long (48-96 h), even at the boiling point of the alcohol, and a high molar ratio of alcohol must be used (20 : 1 wt/wt to the oil) 20) . Hydrolysis of immiscible liquids (oil in aqueous NaOH solution) can be accelerated by ultrasound 21), 22) , indicating that low frequency ultrasonic irradiation may be useful tool for emulsifi cation of the immiscible liquids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

超音波照射によるトリオレインとエタノールのエステル交換反応に与えるモル比，触媒濃度および温度の影響

Hanh¹,

Okitsu²,

Maeda³

et al. 2007

J. Jpn. Petrol. Inst.

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The transesterification of triolein with ethanol to make biodiesel fuel was investigated under ultrasonic irradiation to evaluate the effects of the amount of base catalyst (NaOH or KOH), molar ratio of ethanol to triolein, and temperature. Transesterifi cation of triolein with ethanol readily proceeded under 40 kHz ultrasonic irradiation and the most suitable condition at 25 C was a molar ratio of ethanol/triolein of 6/1, base catalyst concentration of 1 wt for both NaOH and KOH, and reaction time of less than 20 min. In addition, the effect of temperature on the ethanolysis of triolein was investigated. The apparent activation energy estimated under ultrasonic irradiation was almost the same as that reported under stirring. The present results suggest that ultrasonic cavitation provides effective emulsification of triolein and ethanol, resulting in higher rate of transesterification reaction compared with that under stirring.

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Biodiesel Production Viaacid Catalysis

Cited by 653 publications

References 0 publications

Acid Esterification-Alkaline Transesterification Process for Methyl Ester Production from Crude Rubber Seed Oil

Acid Esterification-Alkaline Transesterification Process for Methyl Ester Production from Crude Rubber Seed Oil

Experimental Investigation and Characterization of Biodiesel Production from Leather Industry Fleshing Wastes

超音波照射によるトリオレインとエタノールのエステル交換反応に与えるモル比，触媒濃度および温度の影響

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