Biodiesel production using cesium modified mesoporous ordered silica as heterogeneous base catalyst

A review on recent advancement in catalytic materials for biodiesel production

“…It was reported that after 360 min of transesterification reaction performed at 120 1C using methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 32:1 and 0.5 wt% catalyst amount, 59.10% biodiesel yield was achieved. Kazemian et al [125] reported a work focused on the utilization of cesium metal impregnated high surface area mesoporous SBA-15 catalyst for transesterification reaction between canola oil and methanol. The influence of two different silica sources, used for the synthesis of SBA-15, on the overall catalytic activity for biodiesel production was investigated along with the different reaction conditions including reaction temperature, alcohol molar ratio, catalyst concentration, and reaction time.…”

Transesterification of waste cooking palm oil and palm oil to fatty acid methyl ester using cesium-modified silica catalyst

“…This phenomenon induced the formation of Cs + ion clusters surrounding the Cs-SiO 2 with significantly altered surface reactivity, and these clusters are responsible for the high activity. The application of silica support catalyst showed in higher reactivity because of structural stability of catalysts [11].…”

“…Among the all silica catalysts used, raw silica is the most widely employed materials [10]. Hossein Kazemian et al used SBA-15 impregnated with cesium as catalyst for the transesterification of canola oil with low yield (25.35%) at a high methanol: oil molar ratio (40:1) and temperature (135°C) [11].…”

Vapor phase condensation of methyl acetate with formaldehyde to preparing methyl acrylate over cesium supported SBA-15 catalyst

“…Pure silica zeolites SBA-15 are 52 used in the catalytic reaction, and consist of a hexagonally ordered 53 mesoporous substance that possesses a large pore size, thick pore 54 walls, and high hydrothermal stability, and is modified with alkali 55 metals or transition metals to become the base catalyst [22][23][24]. 56…”