Biodiesel production through non-conventional supercritical routes: Economic evaluation

Pacheco, João R.; Villardi, Hugo Gomes D’Amato; Cavalcante, Raquel M.; Young, André F.

doi:10.1016/j.cherd.2022.03.019

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…This method is effective for the simultaneous conversion of FFA and oil (triglyceride) into biodiesel; however, its industrial application is limited because of the high cost of enzymes required in this process [14]. Transesterification using supercritical fluids [15], microwave-assisted techniques [16], and ultrasoundassisted techniques [17] have also been developed for biodiesel production. Although these methods help ensure a high biodiesel yield at a short reaction time, they retain several problems such as extremely high pressure (>20 MPa) and temperature (>300 °C) of supercritical fluids, difficulty to scale up of microwave and ultrasound techniques, thus limiting their industrial applications [18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiesel Production through Electrolysis Using an Ionic Liquid, 1-Ethyl-3-Methylimidazolium Chloride as a Supporting Electrolyte

Aregawi

Nguyen

et al. 2023

International Journal of Energy Research

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Electrolysis is a promising approach for biodiesel production. However, low electrical conductivity of a reaction mixture results in a low reaction rate. Thus, this study developed a novel catalyst-free electrolysis process using an ionic liquid as a supporting electrolyte for biodiesel production. Various ionic liquids were assessed, and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Emim]Cl) exhibited the highest electrical conductivity (4.59 mS/cm) and the best electrolytic performance for transesterification. Electrolysis in the presence of [Emim]Cl was subsequently optimized using response surface methodology to maximize biodiesel yield. A maximum biodiesel yield of 97.76% was obtained under the following optimal reaction conditions: electrolysis voltage, 19.42 V; [Emim]Cl amount, 4.43% ( w / w ); water content, 1.62% ( w / w ); methanol to oil molar ratio, 26.38 : 1; and reaction time, 1 h. Notably, [Emim]Cl could be efficiently reused for at least three cycles with a corresponding biodiesel yield of 94.81%. Moreover, the properties of the synthesized biodiesel complied with EN and ASTM standards. The findings of this study indicate that catalyst-free electrolysis using [Emim]Cl as a supporting electrolyte is an eco-friendly and efficient method for biodiesel production.

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