Biodiesel Production by Lipids From Indonesian strain of Microalgae Chlorella vulgaris

Abstract

The fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) production from Chlorella vulgaris has been studied by sequential investigation such as microalgae culturing, lipid extraction, and lipid conversion to FAME. The C. vulgaris could grow well in the BG-11 medium and had a doubling time 3.7 days for its growth using inocula 16% (v/v). The optimum of dry cell biomass as 11.6 g/L was obtained after the microalgae culture harvested for 6 days. Lipid extraction from the biomass was carried out in various solvents and ultrasonication power, resulted lipid as 31% (w/w) when extracted with a mixed solvent of n-hexane-ethanol in ratio 1:1 and ultrasonication treatment at power 25 kHz/270W for 30 min. The lipid then converted to FAME through transesterification reaction with methanol using H2SO4 catalyst at 45ºC for 2 h, and resulted FAME with area 32.26% in GC-MS analysis. The area was corresponded to FAME output as 13.68% (w/w). Fatty acid profiles of FAME obtained from GC-MS analysis showed the major peaks of fatty acids found in Chlorella vulgaris were palmitic acid (C16:0), stearic acid (C18:0) and margaric acid (C17:0), and nonadecanoic acid (C19:0). Optimization of the transesterification reaction will be developed in future to improve the FAME product.

Enhanced production of lipid as biofuel feedstock from the marine diatom Nitzschia sp. by optimizing cultural conditions

“…RRSE2. These observations are in agreement with an earlier report, which stated that the presence of 12% linolenic acid is acceptable for the quality biodiesel (Arroussi et al 2017;Purkan et al 2019). It has been reported that the components such as palmitic, oleic, stearic, linoleic and linolenic acid were considered as the most common fatty acids in biodiesel by Knothe (2008).…”

Production of Microalgal Biomass at Different Growth Phases to Use as Biofuel Feedstock

“…that are usually known as nonrenewable sources of energy. The acceptability of the green alga, Chlorella vulgaris, as a potential biofuel feedstock is found worldwide, as mentioned by Ru et al (2020), Varaprasad et al (2020), Purkan et al (2019), Ramírez-López et al (2019, Sakarika and Kornaros (2019), Papapolymerou et al (2018), Suthar and Verma (2018), Daliry et al, (2017), Lam et al (2017), Rajanren and Ismail (2016), Villagracia et al (2016), El-Sayed et al (2015), Safi et al (2014), Jasim and Maysam (2014), Mallick et al (2011), Phukan et al (2011, though the amount of biomass produced can vary due to the production scale, operational design, and optimum growth conditions taken under consideration.…”

Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina platensis: Their Nutrient Contents and Bioactive Compounds for Improving Poultry Productivity

“…Dilihat dari potensinya, perairan Indonesia sangat cocok untuk pengembangan dan budidaya mikroalga. Mikroalga Chlorella vulgaris dan Spirulina platensis merupakan jenis mikroalga yang banyak ditemukan di perairan Indonesia, namun budidaya secara masif dan dalam skala ekonomis belum dilakukan (Purkan et al 2019). Alasan pasti belum berkembangnya budidaya Chlorella vulgaris dan Spirulina platensis secara komersial di Indonesia tidak diketahui secara detail, namun permasalahan terkait tingginya biaya investasi dan terbatasnya penguasaaan teknologi merupakan faktor yang dapat menjadi kendala pengembangan kedua mikroalga tersebut di Indonesia.…”