Biodiesel fuel production by transesterification of oils

Fukuda, Hideki; Kondo, Akihiko; Noda, Hideo

doi:10.1016/s1389-1723(01)80288-7

Cited by 1,557 publications

(819 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…Fig.1. Flow diagrams comparing biodiesel production using the alkali-(a) and lipase-catalysis (b) processes [20].…”

Section: A Homogeneous Catalysts For the Transesterification Of Vegementioning

confidence: 99%

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Jatropha Bio-Diesel Production Technologies

Heikal¹,

Khalil²,

Abdou³

2013

IJBBB

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Abstract-The interest in using Jatropha curcas L. (JCL) as a feedstock for the production of bio-diesel is rapidly growing. The properties of the crop and its oil have persuaded investors and policy makers consider JCL as a substitute for fossil fuels to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.In this paper, we give an overview of the currently available information on the different process steps of the production process of bio-diesel from JCL. Based on this collection of data and information the best available practice, the shortcomings and the potential environmental risks and benefits are discussed for each production step. The paper concludes with a call for general precaution and for science to be applied.

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“…Fig.1. Flow diagrams comparing biodiesel production using the alkali-(a) and lipase-catalysis (b) processes [20].…”

Section: A Homogeneous Catalysts For the Transesterification Of Vegementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The catalyst is a mixed oxide of zinc and aluminium, the operating temperature is 200-250º C, and a pressure of 50 atmosphere [18]. [20]. Lipase enzymatic catalysts, can catalyze estrification and trans-esterification reactions.…”

Section: B Heterogeneous Catalysts For the Transesterification Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Jatropha Bio-Diesel Production Technologies

Heikal¹,

Khalil²,

Abdou³

2013

IJBBB

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“…Biodiesel has progressively become acceptable worldwide due to its beneficial properties (a non-toxic, biodegradable, domestically produced, renewable source) and its potential advantages to be used as diesel fuel additive or replacement (higher cetane number when compared to diesel from petroleum and favorable combustion emissions profile, such as reduced levels of particulate matter and carbon monoxide, and under some conditions, nitrogen oxides) (mA; HANNA, 1999;SRIVASTAVA;PRASAD, 2000;AlTIN;ÇETINKAYA;YUCESU, 2001;FUKUDA;KONDO;NODA, 2001;mcCORmICK et al, 2001;ZHANG et al, 2003). As a consequence, there has been much effort over the past years to develop new methods and to improve the existing biodiesel production technologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a consequence, there has been much effort over the past years to develop new methods and to improve the existing biodiesel production technologies. Among some of the processes used for biodiesel production, such as pyrolysis and micro-emulsification, transesterification is one of the most common methods to produce biodiesel (mA; HANNA, 1999;FUKUDA;KONDO;NODA, 2001). Transesterification, also called alcoholysis, refers to a catalyzed reaction involving the displacement of an alcohol, preferentially methanol or ethanol, from an ester by another alcohol to yield fatty acid alkyl esters (i.e., biodiesel) and glycerol as a by-product.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transesterification, also called alcoholysis, refers to a catalyzed reaction involving the displacement of an alcohol, preferentially methanol or ethanol, from an ester by another alcohol to yield fatty acid alkyl esters (i.e., biodiesel) and glycerol as a by-product. Conventionally, transesterification can be performed using alkaline, acid or enzyme catalysts in short reaction times but there are several drawbacks: it is energy intensive; recovery of glycerol may be difficult; the acid or alkaline catalyst has to be removed from the product; alkaline wastewater requires treatment; and free fatty acids and water interfere with the reaction (mA; HANNA, 1999;FUKUDA;KONDO;NODA, 2001;ZHANG et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of organic solvent amount in the lipase-catalyzed biodiesel production

Rosa

Oliveira

2010

Food Sci. Technol

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This research note addresses the role of organic solvent amount in the production of fatty acid ethyl esters from soybean oil. N-hexane was chosen as solvent and two commercial immobilized lipases as catalysts, Novozym 435 and Lipozyme IM. The reactions were conducted in 6 hours, varying the solvent to oil ratio from zero to 50 (v/wt) and adopting adopting for Novozym 435: 65 ºC, enzyme concentration (E, wt%) = 5, oil to ethanol molar ratio (R) = 1:10, water addition (H, wt%) = 0, and for Lipozyme IM: 35 ºC, E = 5 wt%, R = 1:3, H = 10 wt%. For Lipozyme IM, an increase in solvent amount is shown to lead to an enhancement of reaction conversion, while a negligible effect was found for Novozym 435. When using 30 mL of solvent the reaction conversions were 88% for Lipozyme IM and 15% for Novozym 435.

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Sunflower Oil

Grompone¹

2005

Bailey's Industrial Oil and Fat Products

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World production of sunflower oil is fourth in importance among vegetable oils, amounting to 9 million metric tons, 8% of the total vegetable oil production. The kernel represents 70% of seed weight, containing around 55% of oil. Sunflower oil of different oleic content may be classified as (1) regular (14–39%), (2) mid‐oleic (43–72%), and (3) high‐oleic (75–91%). With a good oxidative stability, regular sunflower oil finds many applications in the food market mainly as salad oil and cooking oil. Industrial applications of sunflower oil include its use as frying oil, as well as in the manufacture of mayonnaise and oil‐based dressings. Hydrogenated sunflower oil may be used in the manufacture of shortenings and margarines. High‐oleic sunflower oil is the most appropriate type for use in industrial frying, in view of its low content in polyunsaturated fatty acids. Mid‐oleic sunflower oil is of higher frying quality than other nonhydrogenated oils (soybean, canola, corn, and cottonseed). Nonedible industrial uses of regular sunflower oil include the production of biodiesel, lubricants, vegetable oil‐based printing inks, and so on. Meal, hulls, and sodium soapstock are obtained as byproducts of the extraction and refining processes. Other minor byproducts may also be obtained: lecithin, waxes, tocopherols, and so on.

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Biodiesel fuel production by transesterification of oils

Cited by 1,557 publications

References 104 publications

Jatropha Bio-Diesel Production Technologies

Jatropha Bio-Diesel Production Technologies

The role of organic solvent amount in the lipase-catalyzed biodiesel production

Sunflower Oil

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