BIODIESEL FROM OITICICA OIL (Licania rigida, Benth): PRODUCTION, THERMOGRAVIMETRIC, AND OXIDATIVE STABILITY STUDIES

Abstract

Oiticica is a feedstock with energetic potential for biofuel due to the presence of high oil content in its almond (54-60%). In this work, biodiesel from oiticica was produced by methyl transesterification using alkaline catalysts. Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) obtained at 32 °C, with 1.5% of KOH and 2h of reaction time was higher (92%) than that with NaOH (85%). At the temperature of 50 °C, no difference between the catalysts was found, both resulting in a conversion of 91%. The best acid index was obtained with 1% of NaOH (0.40 mg KOH g -1 oil at 50 °C) and the best value of viscosity (9.61 mm 2 s -1 ) with 1.5% of KOH at 50 °C. Oiticica oil and biodiesels exhibited high viscosities due the predominance of unsaturated compounds. Thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated to be a feasible technique, when compared to chromatography, in terms of time of analysis, conversion of the esters, and reagent consumption. All the biodiesels presented an oxidation temperature of 90 °C via Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimetry (PDSC).

Oleochemistry potential from Brazil northeastern exotic plants

“…Nowadays, Oiticica oil is not considered an edible oil. It is mainly being used in the production of paints, varnishes, enamels, soap industries with some research in its application as biodiesel raw material [41]. Oiticica oil is usually applied in varnishes due its fatty acid composition that contains high levels of conjugagated polyunsaturated fatty acids like α-Eleostearic acid (16.9%) and Licanic acid (43.2%).…”

“…Extraction techniques, yields and physical-chemical parameters of vegetable oil extracted from Caatinga oil crops. Yield of extraction and physicochemical oil parameters data are respectively from: Cashew nut [42; 43], Favela [44; 45], Licuri [29; 46], Pinhão-Bravo [11, no data available], Pequi [47; 48] and Oiticica [41].…”

Prospecção tecnológica do uso de surfactantes como aditivo no biodiesel

“…Os triglicerídeos presentes no óleo ou gordura, podem ser transformados em biodiesel a partir de quatro métodos principais, a pirólise, microemulsão, mistura entre óleos, e a partir da reação de transesterificação, que é o método mais utilizado (Fonseca et al, 2019;Narowska et al, 2019). A reação de transesterificação é quando ocorre a transformação de triglicerídeos em ésteres; estequiometricamente, são necessários três mols de álcool para um mol de triglicerídeo, mas na prática é utilizado o álcool em excesso, para poder aumentar a produção de éster, já que é uma reação reversível, além de ajudar na separação do glicerol (Fonseca et al, 2019;Guimarães et al, 2018). Devido a diferença de polaridade entre o óleo/gordura e o álcool, durante a produção do biodiesel, há o aparecimento de problemas de homogeneização da mistura, reduzindo a transferência de massa do sistema, e por consequência a diminuição do rendimento da reação (Rodriguez & Beckman, 2020).…”