Biodiesel and biogas production from Isochrysis galbana using dry and wet lipid extraction: A biorefinery approach

Sánchez-Bayo, Alejandra; López-Chicharro, Daniel; Morales, Victoria; Espada, Juan J.; Puyol, Daniel; Martı́nez, Fernando; Astals, Sergi; Vicente, Gemma; Bautista, Luis Fernando; Rodríguez, Rosalía

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2019.06.148

Cited by 43 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…For example, Lakshmikandan [20] used a mixed solvent of hexane and isopropanol (3:2 v/v) to extract lipids from centrifugation-harvested Chlorella vulgaris (biomass content ~ 8.9%) and obtained a maximum lipid yield of 22.5% (dry base). Ethyl acetate has been used to extract lipids from wet Isochrysis galbana (5% biomass) at a yield of 17.6% [21]. Among six evaluated solvent systems, isopropanol:hexane (2:1 v/v) was the most effective in extraction of lipids from wet Scenedesmus obliquus (20% biomass), affording a 7.8% lipid yield (dry base) [3].…”

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confidence: 99%

Effective lipid extraction from undewatered microalgae liquid using subcritical dimethyl ether

Wang

Oshita

Takaoka

2021

Biotechnol Biofuels

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Background Recent studies of lipid extraction from microalgae have focused primarily on dewatered or dried samples, and the processes are simple with high lipid yield. Yet, the dewatering with drying step is energy intensive, which makes the energy input during the lipid production more than energy output from obtained lipid. Thus, exploring an extraction technique for just a thickened sample without the dewatering, drying and auxiliary operation (such as cell disruption) is very significant. Whereas lipid extraction from the thickened microalgae is complicated by the high water content involved, and traditional solvent, hence, cannot work well. Dimethyl ether (DME), a green solvent, featuring a high affinity for both water and organic compounds with an ability to penetrate the cell walls has the potential to achieve this goal. Results This study investigated an energy-saving method for lipid extraction using DME as the solvent with an entrainer solution (ethanol and acetone) for flocculation-thickened microalgae. Extraction efficiency was evaluated in terms of extraction time, DME dosage, entrainer dosage, and ethanol:acetone ratio. Optimal extraction occurred after 30 min using 4.2 mL DME per 1 mL microalgae, with an entrainer dosage of 8% at 1:2 ethanol:acetone. Raw lipid yields and its lipid component (represented by fatty acid methyl ester) contents were compared against those of common extraction methods (Bligh and Dryer, and Soxhlet). Thermal gravimetry/differential thermal analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and C/H/N elemental analyses were used to examine differences in lipids extracted using each of the evaluated methods. Considering influence of trace metals on biodiesel utilization, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy analyses were used to quantify trace metals in the extracted raw lipids, which revealed relatively high concentrations of Mg, Na, K, and Fe. Conclusions Our DME-based method recovered 26.4% of total raw lipids and 54.4% of total fatty acid methyl esters at first extraction with remnants being recovered by a 2nd extraction. In additional, the DME-based approach was more economical than other methods, because it enabled simultaneous dewatering with lipid extraction and no cell disruption was required. The trace metals of raw lipids indicated a purification demand in subsequent refining process.

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confidence: 99%

Effective lipid extraction from undewatered microalgae liquid using subcritical dimethyl ether

Wang

Oshita

Takaoka

2021

Biotechnol Biofuels

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“…The literature focused on I. galbana lipid extraction using the green solvent ethyl acetate is scarce and studies have been mainly focused on microalgal lipid extraction using traditional techniques (e.g., Bligh and Dyer, Soxhlet, Folch) and solvents (e.g., methanol/chloroform). Recently, the author Sánchez-Bayo et al [ 44 ] also extracted lipids from the microalga I. galbana using the green solvent ethyl acetate with dried microalgal biomass, and the results show a similar lipid extraction yield of 18%. The same level of FAs group extraction yield was verified by Sánchez-Bayo et al [ 44 ], wherein SFAs presented the maximum extraction yield and LC-PUFAs presented the minimum extraction yield.…”

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confidence: 99%

Yogurt Enriched with Isochrysis galbana: An Innovative Functional Food

Matos

Afonso

Cardoso

et al. 2021

Foods

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Microalgae are a valuable and innovative emerging source of natural nutrients and bioactive compounds that can be used as functional ingredients in order to increase the nutritional value of foods to improve human health and to prevent disease. The marine microalga Isochrysis galbana has great potential for the food industry as a functional ingredient, given its richness in ω3 long chain-polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), with high contents of oleic, linoleic, alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), stearidonic, and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids. This study focuses on the formulation of a functional food by the incorporation of 2% (w/w) of I. galbana freeze-dried biomass and 2% (w/w) of I. galbana ethyl acetate lipidic extract in solid natural yogurts preparation. In the functional yogurt enriched with microalgal biomass, the ω3 LC-PUFA’s content increased (to 60 mg/100 g w/w), specifically the DHA content (9.6 mg/100 g ww), and the ω3/ω6 ratio (augmented to 0.8). The in vitro digestion study showed a poor bioaccessibility of essential ω3 LC-PUFAs, wherein linoleic acid (18:2 ω6) presented a bioaccessibility inferior to 10% and no DHA or eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) was detected in the bioaccessible fraction of the functional yogurts, thus indicating a low accessibility of lipids during digestion. Notwithstanding, when compared to the original yogurt, an added value novel functional yogurt with DHA and a higher ω3 LC-PUFAs content was obtained. The functional yogurt enriched with I. galbana can be considered important from a nutritional point of view and a suitable source of essential FAs in the human diet. However, this needs further confirmation, entailing additional investigation into bioavailability through in vivo assays.

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“…Further findings exhibited that higher growth of C. vulgaris compared to N. oceanica. [ 23 ] reported that C. vulgaris showed higher nitrogen requirements for growth. Study by [ 24 ] reported that modified soil extract from sludge pond did influence microalgae growth C. vulagaris and N. oceanica compared to the control.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics Growth and Recovery of Valuable Nutrients from Selangor Peat Swamp and Pristine Forest Soils Using Different Extraction Methods as Potential Microalgae Growth Enhancers

et al. 2021

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Soil extracts are useful nutrients to enhance the growth of microalgae. Therefore, the present study attempts for the use of virgin soils from Peninsular Malaysia as growth enhancer. Soils collected from Raja Musa Forest Reserve (RMFR) and Ayer Hitam Forest Reserve (AHFR) were treated using different extraction methods. The total dissolved nitrogen (TDN), total dissolved phosphorus (TDP), and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations in the autoclave methods were relatively higher than natural extraction with up to 132.0 mg N/L, 10.7 mg P/L, and 2629 mg C/L, respectively for RMFR. The results of TDN, TDP, and DOC suggested that the best extraction methods are autoclaved at 121 °C twice with increasing 87%, 84%, and 95%, respectively. Chlorella vulgaris TRG 4C dominated the growth at 121 °C twice extraction method in the RMRF and AHRF samples, with increasing 54.3% and 14%, respectively. The specific growth rate (µ) of both microalgae were relatively higher, 0.23 d−1 in the Ayer Hitam Soil. This extract served well as a microalgal growth promoter, reducing the cost and the needs for synthetic medium. Mass production of microalgae as aquatic feed will be attempted eventually. The high recovery rate of nutrients has a huge potential to serve as a growth promoter for microalgae.

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Biodiesel and biogas production from Isochrysis galbana using dry and wet lipid extraction: A biorefinery approach

Cited by 43 publications

References 61 publications

Effective lipid extraction from undewatered microalgae liquid using subcritical dimethyl ether

Effective lipid extraction from undewatered microalgae liquid using subcritical dimethyl ether

Yogurt Enriched with Isochrysis galbana: An Innovative Functional Food

Kinetics Growth and Recovery of Valuable Nutrients from Selangor Peat Swamp and Pristine Forest Soils Using Different Extraction Methods as Potential Microalgae Growth Enhancers

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