Biodegradation of urea-NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; treated wheat straw using
anaerobic rumen fungi

Dayananda, T L; Nagpal, Ravinder; Puniya, Anil Kumar; Sehgal, J.; Singh, Kishan

doi:10.22358/jafs/66804/2007

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The degradation of dry matter was comparable with the rates observed by Manikumar et al (2004) and Dayananda et al (2007), where fungal cultures were inoculated to cereal straws. The administrations of fungal cultures showed an increase in TVFA production in vitro on the degradation of urea or ammonia treated wheat straw (Dayananda et al, 2007). Addition of fungal isolates (Orpinomyces spp.)…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

In vitro degradation of sugarcane bagasse based ruminant rations using anaerobic fungi

et al. 2009

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In present study the in vitro degradation of sugarcane bagasse and total mixed ration (i.e. sugarcane bagasse, wheat straw, and concentrate mixture in the ratio of 20:30:50) were tested using anaerobic rumen fungi Neocallimastix spp. GR1 and Piromyces spp. WNG-12. These cultures produced hydrolytic enzymes (CMCase, FPCase and xylanase) and increased the in vitro digestibility of dry matter, neutral detergent fibre, and acid detergent fibre of bagasse and total mixed rations when compared with control. Neocallimastix spp. GR1 and Piromyces spp. WNG-12 also increased total volatile fatty acids by degradation of sugarcane bagasse and total mixed ration. Based on results obtained, it may be stated that Neocallimastix spp. GR1 may improve the nutritive value of high fibrous based diets.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

In vitro degradation of sugarcane bagasse based ruminant rations using anaerobic fungi

et al. 2009

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“…The results for the enzyme activities and in vitro fiber degradation in the present study are quite consistent with those observed in Orpinomyces sp., Neocallimastix sp., Piromyces sp., and Caecomyces sp. (Lee et al 2004;Thareja et al 2006;Tripathi et al 2007a, b;Dayanand et al 2007;Sehgal et al 2008;Nagpal et al 2009). Similar results have also been reported for rumen fungi isolated from cattle and buffalo (Paul et al 2004a, b;Dey et al 2004 patterns of the control and treatments in the present study indicated that the presence of ruminal fungi in rumen liquor accelerated the rate of rumen fermentation in vitro and, hence, the digestibility of wheat straw increased significantly.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro fibrolytic potential of anaerobic rumen fungi from ruminants and non-ruminant herbivores

et al. 2011

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In the present study, anaerobic fungi were isolated from different ruminants and non-ruminants; i.e., cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats, wild bluebulls, elephants, deer, and zebras; and were identified as Anaeromyces, Orpinomyces, Caecomyces, Piromyces, and Neocallimastix sp., based on their morphological characteristics. These isolates possessed significant in vitro hydrolytic enzyme activities; however, an isolate of Caecomyces sp. from elephant was found to exhibit maximum activity, i.e., filter paper cellulase (Fpase; 21.4 mIU/ml), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMCase; 15.1 mIU/ml), cellobiase (37.4 mIU/ml), and xylanase (26.0 mIU/ml). Besides, this isolate also showed the significantly highest ability to digest plant cell-wall contents in vitro. The in vitro dry matter digestibility increased from 45.1 to 48.9% after 48 h of incubation, and the plant cellwall contents, in terms of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber, decreased from 64.2 to 61.3% and from 31.3 to 29.6%, respectively. These results indicate that such fibrolytic ruminal fungal strains are prevalent in wild herbivores such as elephants, as well as in other ruminants and non-ruminants, and could be exploited as microbial feed additives for improved nutrition and productivity in domesticated ruminants.

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“…other parts of the gastrointestinal tract of herbivores, play a vital role in plant-fibre degradation by releasing various (hemi-) cellulolytic enzymes like cellulases and hemicellulases (Orpin, 1975;Lee et al 2000;Thareja et al, 2006;Dayanand et al, 2007;Tripathi et al, 2007a), justifying their use as animal feed additives for improved ruminant nutrition. Feeding of animal probiotic cultures as direct fed microbials (DFM) could be the safest method for improving rumen ecological conditions, where these efficient organisms bring favourable changes (Dey et al, 2004;Tripathi et al, 2007b;Sehgal et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<i>In vitro</i> fibrolytic activity of the anaerobic fungus, <i>Caecomyces</i> sp., immobilized in alginate beads

Nagpal¹,

Puniya²,

Singh³

2009

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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In the present study, Caecomyces sp., an anaerobic rumen fungus from faeces of the Indian elephant, was immobilized using calcium-alginate. The resulting beads were found to solubilize within 4-5 h in culture medium at 39°C (pH 6.9), indicating their possible dissociation in the rumen, if used as a feed additive. Since media was also used as a component of the immobilization material, the fungi were not only found to survive, but also to grow, as mycelial growth was visible macroscopically on the surface of the beads. Incubation of immobilized fungi with wheat straw at different temperatures was found to extend the viability of immobilized fungi. Immobilization of rumen fungi and their subsequent incubation with an appropriate substrate (e.g., wheat straw, etc.) could be used to enhanced their survival, industrial use as propagules, and as direct-fed microbials/ feed additives for domesticated ruminants.

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Biodegradation of urea-NH<sub>3</sub> treated wheat straw using anaerobic rumen fungi

Cited by 7 publications

References 12 publications

In vitro degradation of sugarcane bagasse based ruminant rations using anaerobic fungi

In vitro degradation of sugarcane bagasse based ruminant rations using anaerobic fungi

In vitro fibrolytic potential of anaerobic rumen fungi from ruminants and non-ruminant herbivores

<i>In vitro</i> fibrolytic activity of the anaerobic fungus, <i>Caecomyces</i> sp., immobilized in alginate beads

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