Biodegradation of mono-alkyl phthalate esters in natural sediments

Determination of Trace Phthalic Acid Monoesters in Sediments and Soils by GC-MS

“…The recoveries of MBP and MEHP with pure water were both nearly 60%, whereas the recoveries of MBP and MEHP with the organic solvents were no more than 12% and 35%, respectively. Recoveries of MBP and MEHP with acetonitrile were much less than those reported by Otton et al (2008).…”

“…The recoveries of MBP and MEHP at a level of 25 µg/g were more than 90% and the method detection limit (MDL) of them in 2 mg of dry weight of SS was 2 µg/g and 1 µg/g, respectively. Otton et al (2008) studied PAM biodegradation in natural sediments at a level of 2 µg/g (wet weight). Eight PAMs in sediments were sonically extracted with acetonitrile, followed by methyl derivation and GC-MS analysis.…”

Environmental impact of phthalic acid esters and their removal from water and sediments by different technologies – A review

“…In recent times, the behavior of PAEs in the environment has attracted considerable attention because they are considered endocrinedisrupting chemicals (Chang et al, 2006;Colón et al, 2001). For these reasons, several research groups have addressed the identification of PAEs in several kinds of environmental samples, like municipal solid waste compost (Farrell and Jones, 2009), sludge of sewage and wastewater treatment (Gibson et al, 2007;Huang et al, 2008;Marttinen et al, 2003a;Marttinen et al, 2004a;Rhind et al, 2007;Roslev et al, 2007), river sediments (Chang et al, 2005;Chi, 2009;Lin et al, 2009;McDowell and Metcalfe, 2001;Otton et al, 2008;Zhou and Liu, 2000) and landfill leachate (Albaiges et al, 1986;Buszka et al, 2009;Fang et al, 2009a,b;Furtmann and Seifert, 1990;Kotzias et al, 1975;Marttinen et al, 2003b;Öman and Hynning, 1993;Rodrigues et al, 2002;Smith and Weber, 1990).…”

“…Phthalate plasticizers have become ubiquitous contaminants because they are not covalently bound to PVC and can leach, migrate or evaporate into foodstuffs or any other material, indoor air and the atmosphere (Pant et al, 2008). Because of their low solubility, phthalates tend to be concentrated from wastewater into sewage sludge, which is then used as a soil amendment, implying the exposure of soil microbial communities, plants, and animals to these compounds and their introduction into the food chain.…”

“…A study of the biological activity of eight phthalic acid esters indicated that the degree of their toxicity was low when administered parentally and paralleled their water solubility (Autian, 1973). Animal toxicology studies found that DEHP, DBP and DEP decreased testicular and epididymal weight, semen quality and fertility while increasing cryptorchidism, testis damage, and leydig cell hyperplasia (Pant et al, 2008).…”