Biodegradation of Fumonisins by the Consecutive Action of a Fusion Enzyme

Abstract

Fumonisins (FBs) are toxic mycotoxins that commonly exist in food and feed. FBs can induce many aspects of toxicity, leading to adverse effects on human and animal health; therefore, investigating methods to reduce fumonisin contamination is necessary. In our study, we generated a recombinant fusion enzyme called FUMDI by linking the carboxylesterase gene (fumD) and the aminotransferase gene (fumI) by overlapping polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The fusion enzyme FUMDI was successfully, secretively expressed in the host Pichia pastoris (P. pastoris) GS115, and its expression was optimized. Our results demonstrated that the fusion enzyme FUMDI had high biodegradation activity of fumonisin B1 (FB1) and other common FBs, such as fumonisin B2 (FB2) and fumonisin B3 (FB3), and almost completely degraded 5 μg/mL of each toxin within 24 h. We also found that FUMDI enzyme and its reaction products had no negative effect on cell viability and did not induce cell apoptosis, oxidative stress, or endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in a human gastric epithelial cell line (GES-1). The results indicated that these FBs degradation products cannot have adverse effects in a cell model. In conclusion, a safe and efficient fumonisin-degrading enzyme was discovered, which could be a new a technical method for hazard control of FBs in the future.

Bioenzymatic detoxification of mycotoxins

“…Because the detoxification of FB 1 requires the sequential action of carboxylesterases and aminotransferases, Kailin Li generated the fusion enzyme FUMDI by connecting the carboxylesterase gene (fumD) with the aminotransferase gene (fumI) through PCR. Researchers subsequently expressed the enzyme in P. pastoris , in which it almost completely degraded 5 μg/mL FB 1 in 24 h. The experiments demonstrated that the fusion enzyme FUMDI and its degradation products were not toxic to human gastric epithelial cells ( Li K. et al, 2022 ). The detoxification enzymes of FB 1 are summarized in Table 6 .…”

Post-Harvest Prevention of Fusariotoxin Contamination of Agricultural Products by Irreversible Microbial Biotransformation: Current Status and Prospects

“…Fused enzymes . An interesting study describing a fusion enzyme of carboxylesterase and aminotransferase for FB1 degradation was published in 2021 [ 153 ]. The authors of this study designed, constructed, and expressed a recombinant fusion enzyme called FUMDI by linking the carboxylesterase gene ( fumD ) and the aminotransferase gene ( fumI ) by overlapping polymerase chain reaction (PCR).…”

“…At the same time, a new effective approach has recently appeared, which can be used to create multi-functional fused enzymes with an extended substrate range. A FUMDI enzyme combined the properties of the carboxylesterase FumD and aminotransferase FumI and provided irreversible degradation of FB1, FB2, and FB3 [ 153 ]. A ZPF1 enzyme with the ability to degrade AFB1 and ZEN was constructed via the linking of mutant V153H of ZHD101 and manganese peroxidase [ 160 ].…”

Detection of fumonisin among different strains of Fusarium spp. associated with bakanae disease of rice (Oryza sativa L.) using molecular markers

“…Mycotoxins being dangerous natural compounds created by various pathogenic fungus that occur in nature in a variety of products from all over the globe. Food and feed frequently include deadly mycotoxins called fumonisins (FBs), (Li et al, 2022). The potential impacts on the wellbeing of the animals are considered in the threat analysis of mycotoxins in animal feed, together with the potential dangers of their compounds transferring to animal -based foods intended for human consumption (Mackay et al, 2022).…”