“…To date, numerous bacterial strains that can degrade petroleum or produce biosurfactant have been isolated from different oil-contaminated environments worldwide. Such strains include Chelatococcus daeguensis HB-4 from Baolige Oilfield in China (Ke et al, 2019), Rhodococcus erythropolis OSDS1 isolated from a solid waste management unit (SWMU) contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons and heavy metals in the United States (Xia et al, 2019), Bacillus subtilis RI4914 from an oil field in Brazil (Fernandes et al, 2016), Bacillus licheniformis from oil-contaminated water samples in Egypt (El-Sheshtawy et al, 2015), Pseudomonas putida DB1 and Bacillus cereus DB2 isolated from petroleumcontaminated soil in India (Vinothini et al, 2015), and B. subtilis B30 from oil-contaminated soils in Oman (Al-Wahaibi et al, 2014). As an important part of MEOR and bioremediation, biosurfactant-producing strains have been studied under different conditions (e.g., pH, temperature, salinity, and nutrition) to find the optimal conditions for biosurfactant production.…”