Biodegradation of chlorpyrifos by bacterial genus Pseudomonas

Abstract

Chlorpyrifos is an organophosphorus pesticide commonly used in agriculture. It is noxious to a variety of organisms that include living soil biota along with beneficial arthropods, fish, birds, humans, animals, and plants. Exposure to chlorpyrifos may cause detrimental effects as delayed seedling emergence, fruit deformities, and abnormal cell division. Contamination of chlorpyrifos has been found about 24 km from the site of its application. There are many physico-chemical and biological approaches to remove organophosphorus pesticides from the ecosystem, among them most promising is biodegradation. The 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP) and diethylthiophosphate (DETP) as primary products are made when chlorpyrifos is degraded by soil microorganisms which further break into nontoxic metabolites as CO(2), H(2)O, and NH(3). Pseudomonas is a diversified genus possessing a series of catabolic pathways and enzymes involved in pesticide degradation. Pseudomonas putida MAS-1 is reported to be more efficient in chlorpyrifos degradation by a rate of 90% in 24 h among Pseudomonas genus. The current review analyzed the comparative potential of bacterial species in Pseudomonas genus for degradation of chlorpyrifos thus, expressing an ecofriendly approach for the treatment of environmental contaminants like pesticides.

Genome-Guided Insights into the Plant Growth Promotion Capabilities of the Physiologically Versatile Bacillus aryabhattai Strain AB211

“…Bacterial degradation of pesticides/fungicides has been reported in diverse agricultural soil (Bishnu et al, 2012; Verma et al, 2014). Also, a number of bacterial species have been isolated from soil and characterized on their potential in degrading harmful pesticide/fungicide residues (Ahmad et al, 2012; Lovecka et al, 2015; Pailan et al, 2015; Gilani et al, 2016). B. aryabhattai AB211 genome was found to encode several genes involved in degradation of aromatic compounds (Supplementary Table S12).…”

Optimization of Method for Pesticide Detection in Honey by Using Liquid and Gas Chromatography Coupled with Mass Spectrometric Detection

“…Chlorpyrifos is an organophosphate pesticide that is used as an insecticide and acaricide. It is considered moderately toxic and can cause disruption of neuronal, reproductive, immune, and endocrine systems, cancer, and chromosome damage [ 46 ]. Imidacloprid is a neonicotinoid insecticide that is highly toxic to honeybees [ 1 , 2 ], with neurotoxic, immunotoxic, teratogenic, and mutagenic effects in mammals [ 47 ].…”

Pesticides Decrease Bacterial Diversity and Abundance of Irrigated Rice Fields

“…Pseudomonas is a diversified genus possessing a series of catabolic pathways and enzymes involved in pesticide degradation. Pseudomonas putida MAS-1 is reported to be efficient in chlorpyrifos degradation by a rate 90% higher than other species of Pseudomonas [60]. The chlorpyrifos degradation involve the metabolism and mineralization of 3, 5, 6-trichloro-2-pyridinol and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-methoxypyridine.…”