Biodegradation of aromatic hydrocarbons under anoxic conditions in a shallow sand and gravel aquifer of the Lower Rhine Valley, Germany

Schmitt, R.; Langguth, Horst-Robert; Püttmann, Wilhelm; Rohns, Hans-Peter; Eckert, Paul; Schubert, J.

doi:10.1016/s0146-6380(96)00111-8

Cited by 49 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Sulfate reduction has been studied extensively in natural and impacted environments since early twentieth century, but it is only in the last decade that limited studies have shown that sulfate reducers can metabolize petroleum hydrocarbons (PHC) to innocuous compounds (Beller et al 1992;Edwards et al 1992;Schmitt et al 1996;Hunkeler et al 1998;Elshahed and McInerney 2001;Somsamak et al 2001;Coates et al 2002;Rothermich et al 2002). PHC are known to degrade more efficiently under aerobic environments, however, anoxic conditions normally develop in aquifers contaminated with PHC forcing their degradation through anaerobic pathways.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of Sulfate Reduction in a Coastal Aquifer Contaminated with Petroleum Hydrocarbons

Roychoudhury

McCormick

2006

Biogeochemistry

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An integrated field and laboratory study was conducted to quantify the effect of environmental determinants on the activity of sulfate reducers in a freshwater aquifer contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons (PHC). Within the contaminated zone, PHC-supported in situ sulfate reduction rates varied from 11.58 ± 3.12 to 636 ± 53 nmol cm -3 d -1 and a linear increase (R 2 =0.98) in reduction rate was observed with increasing in situ sulfate concentrations suggesting sulfate limitation. Half-saturation concentration (K s ) for sulfate reduction coupled to PHC mineralization was determined for the first time. At two different sites within the aquifer, maximum sulfate reduction rate under non-limiting conditions (R max ) was 5,000 nmol cm -3 d -1 , whereas the retrieved K s values were 3.5 and 7.5 mM, respectively. The K s values are the highest ever reported from a natural environment. Furthermore, the K s values were significantly higher than in situ sulfate concentrations confirming sulfate limited growth. On addition of lactate and formate, sulfate reduction rate increased indicating that reactivity and bioavailability of organic substrate may also have played a role in rate inhibition in certain parts of the aquifer. Experiments with sulfide amendments show statistically minor decrease in sulfate reduction rates on addition of sulfide and analogous increase in sulfide toxicity with increasing sulfide concentrations (0.5-10 mM) was not apparent.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of Sulfate Reduction in a Coastal Aquifer Contaminated with Petroleum Hydrocarbons

Roychoudhury

McCormick

2006

Biogeochemistry

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“…Among all remediation technologies for treating aquifers contaminated with BTEX, PAHs, and MtBE, bioremediation appears to be the most cost-effective, energy efficient, and environmentally sound approach. Extensive research has shown the capability of many microorganisms to degrade BTEX under aerobic (Deeb & AlvarezCohen 1999;Mason et al 2000;Sedran et al 2002;Van Agteren et al 1998) anaerobic (Chen & Taylor 1997;Holliger & Zehnder 1996), and anoxic (Schmitt et al 1996) conditions. Many PAHs were found to be amenable to biodegradation both aerobically (Bouchez et al 1996;Harayama 1997;Van Agteren et al 1998;Yuan et al 2000) and anaerobically (Johnson & Ghosh 1998;Van Agteren et al 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Groundwater Contaminated with PAHs, Gasoline Hydrocarbons, and Methyl tert-butyl Ether in a Laboratory Biomass-Retaining Bioreactor

et al. 2006

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In this study, we investigated the treatability of co-mingled groundwater contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), gasoline hydrocarbons, and methyl tert-butyl ether (MtBE) using an ex-situ aerobic biotreatment system. The PAHs of interest were naphthalene, methyl-naphthalene, acenaphthene, acenaphthylene, and carbazole. The gasoline hydrocarbons included benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, and p-xylene (BTEX). Two porous pot reactors were operated for a period of 10 months under the same influent contaminant concentrations. The contaminated groundwater was introduced into the reactors at a flow rate of 4 and 9 l/day, resulting in a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 32 and 15 h, respectively. In both reactors, high removal efficiencies were achieved for the PAHs (>99%), BTEX and MtBE (>99.7%). All the PAHs of interest and the four BTEX compounds were detected at concentrations less than 1 lg/l throughout the study duration. Effluent MtBE from both reactors was observed at higher levels; nevertheless, its concentration was lower than the 5 lg/l Drinking Water Advisory for MtBE implemented in California.

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“…Vejen, Denmark (Lynkilde and Christensen, 1992); Bimidji, Minnesota (Anderson and Lovley, 1999); Düsseldorf, Germany (Schmitt et al, 1996)-, which is generally the most abundant potential TEA in soils and sediments (Lovley 1991). In laboratory studies, biodegradation of BTEX and PAH under Fe(III) reducing conditions has been observed for toluene (Lovley et al, 1989), benzene and toluene (Lovley et al 1994b), naphthalene and benzene (Anderson and Lovley, 1999), and recently also for naphthalene and phenanthrene (Ramsey et al, 2001).…”

Section: Anoxic Biodegradability Of Btex and Pahmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrinsic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Biodegradation for Groundwater Remediation

Tiehm

Schulze

2003

Oil & Gas Science and Technology - Rev. IFP

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Résumé -Biodégradation intrinsèque des hydrocarbures aromatiques pour la réhabilitation de nappes aquifères -La biodégradation intrinsèque, qui représente le processus clé de l'atténuation naturelle, est de plus en plus couramment envisagée comme une alternative aux procédés plus actifs pour la réhabilitation de sites contaminés. Dans cet article, la biodégradation intrinsèque des BTEX et des HAP est discutée. La première partie passe en revue la compréhension actuelle de la dégradation microbienne des hydrocarbures aromatiques ainsi que les méthodes disponibles pour l'évaluation de la bioréhabilitation intrinsèque. Le concept et les résultats obtenus lors d'une étude de cas sont présentés dans une seconde partie. La biodégradation anaérobie et la biodégradation aérobie contribuent toutes deux à l'élimination des polluants de sites contaminés, comme les anciennes usines à gaz ou les décharges polluées par des huiles de pyrolyse. Les processus de biodégradation intrinsèque engendrent habituellement une suite de zones de redox (méthanogène, sulfatoréductrice, Fe(III)-réductrice, dénitifiante, aérobie) dans le panache des polluants dans l'aquifère en aval de la source de contamination. Les méthodes d'évaluation dans ces différentes zones de redox comprennent l'analyse hydro-et géochimique, la mesure des potentiels redox et la détermination de l'hydrogène. La biodégradation des polluants visés peut être démontrée par la modification des profils de polluant, par le fractionnement isotopique, par des produits spécifiques du métabolisme et par des études en microcosmes sur des échantillons du terrain. Les études en microcosmes constituent un outil particulièrement utile pour identifier les mécanismes de dégradation et pour étudier le rôle d'accepteurs d'électrons spécifiques et des conditions redox. Lors d'une étude de cas, nous avons examiné la biodégradation intrinsèque d'un site pollué par des huiles de pyrolyse. Du fait de la faible capacité de sorption de l'aquifère, la diminution de la concentration en polluant le long du panache d'eau polluée a été majoritairement attribuée à de la biodégradation. La réduction des sulfates et la réduction de Fe(III) étaient les principaux processus redox au coeur du panache d'eau souterraine. Les changements de profil des polluants le long du panache indiquaient l'existence de processus de biodégradation actifs, par exemple, la biodégradation du toluène et du naphtalène dans des zones anaérobies. Dans des microcosmes pollués avec des polluants modèles, la biodégradation du toluène et de l'éthylbenzène a été observée en conditions sulfatoréductrices. La dégradation du toluène, de l'éthylbenzène, du benzène et du naphtalène avait lieu en présence de Fe(III). En conditions aérobies, tous les BTEX et HAP étaient rapidement dégradés.Abstract -Intrinsic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Biodegradation for Groundwater RemediationIntrinsic biodegradation, representing the key process in natural attenuation, is increasingly considered for the remediation of contaminated sites as an alternative to mor...

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Biodegradation of aromatic hydrocarbons under anoxic conditions in a shallow sand and gravel aquifer of the Lower Rhine Valley, Germany

Cited by 49 publications

References 25 publications

Kinetics of Sulfate Reduction in a Coastal Aquifer Contaminated with Petroleum Hydrocarbons

Kinetics of Sulfate Reduction in a Coastal Aquifer Contaminated with Petroleum Hydrocarbons

Treatment of Groundwater Contaminated with PAHs, Gasoline Hydrocarbons, and Methyl tert-butyl Ether in a Laboratory Biomass-Retaining Bioreactor

Intrinsic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Biodegradation for Groundwater Remediation

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