Biodegradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol by Bacillus endophyticus strain: optimization of experimental parameters using response surface methodology and kinetic study

Water Environment Research

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2019

Using glucose as cosubstrate, activated sludge that could effectively biodegrade 40 mg/L 2‐chlorophenol was successfully domesticated in sequencing batch reactors. To acclimate the sludge, 2‐chlorophenol was increased stepwise from 0 to 40 mg/L. High‐throughput sequencing revealed that the microbial community richness increased during the first 5 days of acclimation to 5 mg/L 2‐chlorophenol and then decreased after another 20 days as 2‐chlorophenol was increased. The original sludge obtained from a water resource recovery facility had the highest microbial diversity. As the acclimation continued further, community richness and diversity both increased, but they decreased again, significantly, when 2‐chlorophenol reached 40 mg/L. Saccharibacteria_norank, Bacillus, Saprospiraceae_uncultured, and Lactococcus were the dominant bacteria. Bacillus and Pseudomonas were the main known chlorophenol‐degrading bacteria. WCHB1‐60_norank, Tetrasphaera, Comamonadaceae_unclassified, and Haliangium showed poor tolerance to 2‐chlorophenol. Higher bacterial tolerance to chlorophenols does not mean higher degrading capability. The degradation of chlorophenols was not positively correlated with the detected abundance of known 2‐chlorophenol‐degrading bacteria. Practitioner points Activated sludge that could effectively biodegrade 40 mg/L 2‐chlorophenol was successfully domesticated using glucose as cosubstrate in sequencing batch reactors. Saccharibacteria_norank, Bacillus, Saprospiraceae_uncultured, and Lactococcus were the dominant bacteria. Bacillus and Pseudomonas were the main known chlorophenol‐degrading bacteria detected in this study. The degrading capability and tolerance of bacteria to chlorophenols were relatively independent and the degradation of chlorophenols may be the synergistic effect of various bacteria.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Retracted: Acclimation of 2‐chlorophenol‐biodegrading activated sludge and microbial community analysis

Water Environment Research

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2019

“…There are several methods for CP removal, including biodegradation, 6 chemical reduction, 7,8 and electrocatalytic hydrogenolysis (ECH). [9][10][11] ECH is considered an environmentally-friendly and highly-efficient technology in the dechlorination of CPs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification of a Pd-loaded electrode with a carbon nanotubes–polypyrrole interlayer and its dechlorination performance for 2,3-dichlorophenol

Song

et al. 2017

RSC Adv.

“…These genera can often be detected in water treatment. Among the dominant bacteria detected in this study, Bacillus were reported to have the capability to degrade chlorophenols as carbon and energy sources (Karn, Chakrabarty, & Sudhakara Reddy, 2010;Karn & Reddy, 2013;Patel & Kumar, 2016). Moreover, Bacillus has the ability to degrade phenol (Banerjee & Ghoshal, 2010.…”

Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 78%

Acclimation of 2‐Chlorophenol‐Biodegrading Activated Sludge and Microbial Community Analysis

Water Environment Research

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2018

Taking glucose as co-substrate, the activated sludge which could effectively biodegrade 2-chlorophenol (2-CP) of 40 mg/L　was successfully domesticated after acclimation for 49 days in sequencing batch reactors. High-throughput sequencing (HTS) analysis revealed that the community richness initially increased for 5 days and then decreased after another 20 days with the increase of 2-CP. The original sludge obtained from water resource recovery facility had the highest diversity. At the beginning of acclimation, the community diversity decreased. With the acclimation going on, both richness and diversity of community increased, but decreased significantly when the concentration of 2-CP was increased to 40 mg/L. Saccharibacteria_norank, Bacillus, Saprospiraceae_uncultured and Lactococcus were the dominant bacteria detected in this study. Bacillus and Pseudomonas were the main chlorophenol-degrading bacteria. WCHB1-60_norank, Tetrasphaera, Comamonadaceae_unclassified and Haliangium had lower tolerance to 2-CP. Higher bacterial tolerance to CPs does not mean higher degrading capability. The degradation of CPs was not positively correlated with the abundance of known 2-CP degrading bacteria detected in this study.