Biodegradation and secondary effluent toxicity of ethoxylated surfactants

Patoczka, Jurek; Pulliam, Gregory W.

doi:10.1016/0043-1354(90)90118-p

Cited by 50 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Maki et al (1994) observed the same phenomenon with a freshwater Pseudomonas strain. Our results were also consistent with the work of Patoczka and Pulliam (1990) who showed that recalcitrance of APE increases when the length of the ethoxylated chain decreases. Among the strains isolated from this community, only four (T1, T2, GS1, GS2) were able to degrade APE9-10 (TRITON X100) which was used to select the community.…”

supporting

confidence: 82%

Isolation from coastal sea water and characterization of bacterial strains involved in non-ionic surfactant degradation

1997

Biodegradation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A bacterial community degrading branched alkylphenol ethoxylate (APE) was selected from coastal sea water intermittently polluted by urban sewage. This community degraded more than 99% of a standard surfactant, TRITON X 100, but I.R. analysis of the remaining compound showed the accumulation of APE2 (alkylphenol with a two units length ethoxylated chain) which seemed very recalcitrant to further biodegradation. Twenty-five strains were isolated from this community, essentially Gram negative and were related to Pseudomonas, Oceanospirillum or Deleya genera. Among these strains, only four were able to degrade APE9-10 (TRITON X 100). They were related to the Pseudomonas genus and were of marine origin. Pure cultures performed with these strains on TRITON X 100 gave APE5 and APE4 as end products. These products were further degraded to APE2 by two other strains unable to degrade the initial surfactant.

show abstract

supporting

confidence: 82%

Isolation from coastal sea water and characterization of bacterial strains involved in non-ionic surfactant degradation

1997

Biodegradation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Due to their widespread use and common introduction to aquatic systems, NP and NPEs have been the subject of other biodegradation investigations [31,35–37]. Ekelund et al [37] investigated the biodegradation of NP in seawater and sediment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistence and distribution of 4‐nonylphenol following repeated application to littoral enclosures

Heinis

Knuth

Liber

et al. 1999

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The persistence and distribution of 4‐nonylphenol (NP) were monitored for 440 d, following application to 18 littoral enclosures (4 × 7–8 m), situated in a 2‐ha mesotrophic pond near Duluth, Minnesota. Application was accomplished by subsurface, gravity‐fed injection over a 20‐d period, with a 2‐d frequency, to achieve nominal aqueous concentrations of 0, 3, 30, 100, and 300 μg/L. Mean maximum concentrations in the water over the 20‐d application period ranged from 75.7 to 81.0% of nominal for the three highest treatment levels and was 181% of nominal at the lowest treatment level. Water was the major compartment, on a mass balance basis, for NP until 2 to 4 d after the application period, with a mean time to 50% dissipation (DT50) of 0.74 d and a mean time to 95% dissipation (DT95) of 13.8 d. 4‐Nonylphenol partitioned to enclosure wall material, macrophytes, and sediment within 2 d of initial application. Macrophytes accumulated maximum NP concentrations of 11.5 and 139 mg/kg 1 to 2 d after the application period at the 30‐ and 300‐μg/L treatment levels, respectively. Mean DT50 and DT95 estimates of NP persistence in/on the macrophytes were 10.3 and 189 d, respectively. Sediment from the 30‐ and 300‐μg/L treatments accumulated maximum dry weight NP concentrations of 2.74 and 27.4 mg/kg, respectively within 20 to 48 d of the first application. The mean sediment porewater NP concentration was 18.6 μg/L for the period 2 to 34 d after application 1 at the 300‐μg/L treatment. The sediment was the primary sink for NP 440 d after the initial application with a concentration of 1.97 mg/kg at the 300‐μg/L treatment. Mean sediment DT50 and DT95 values were 66.0 and 401 d, respectively, indicating a long‐term persistence of NP. Ecocores collected 1 d after the final NP application did not show significant decreases in sediment NP concentration during a 55‐d incubation period, corroborating the NP persistence observed in the littoral enclosures.

show abstract

“…Due to their widespread use and common introduction to aquatic systems, NP and NPEs have been the subject of other biodegradation investigations [31,[35][36][37]. Ekelund et al [37] investigated the biodegradation of NP in seawater and sediment.…”

Section: Ecocoresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistence and Distribution of 4-Nonylphenol Following Repeated Application to Littoral Enclosures

Heinis

Knuth

Liber

et al. 1999

Environ Toxicol Chem

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-The persistence and distribution of 4-nonylphenol (NP) were monitored for 440 d, following application to 18 littoral enclosures (4 ϫ 7-8 m), situated in a 2-ha mesotrophic pond near Duluth, Minnesota. Application was accomplished by subsurface, gravity-fed injection over a 20-d period, with a 2-d frequency, to achieve nominal aqueous concentrations of 0, 3, 30, 100, and 300 g/L. Mean maximum concentrations in the water over the 20-d application period ranged from 75.7 to 81.0% of nominal for the three highest treatment levels and was 181% of nominal at the lowest treatment level. Water was the major compartment, on a mass balance basis, for NP until 2 to 4 d after the application period, with a mean time to 50% dissipation (DT50)

show abstract

Biodegradation and secondary effluent toxicity of ethoxylated surfactants

Cited by 50 publications

References 9 publications

Isolation from coastal sea water and characterization of bacterial strains involved in non-ionic surfactant degradation

Isolation from coastal sea water and characterization of bacterial strains involved in non-ionic surfactant degradation

Persistence and distribution of 4‐nonylphenol following repeated application to littoral enclosures

Persistence and Distribution of 4-Nonylphenol Following Repeated Application to Littoral Enclosures

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About