Biodegradation and ecotoxicological impact of cellulose nanocomposites in municipal solid waste composting

Salehpour, Shoboo; Jonoobi, Mehdi; Ahmadzadeh, Masoud; Siracusa, Valentina; Rafieian, Fatemeh; Oksman, Kristiina

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.01.027

Cited by 35 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Further observations revealed that the degradation efficiency increased with increasing ZnO NPs content, possibly because the content of super-hydrophobic x GnP was relatively low, and hydrophilic ZnO NPs particles containing hydroxyl groups on their surface promoted water absorption-induced swelling, thus facilitating degradation. In addition, as ZnO NPs particles easily formed agglomerates and were unevenly dispersed in the PVA/CMC matrix in high concentrations, they formed a weak area in the composite film, reducing the mechanical strength and accelerating water absorption and swelling to promote degradation [ 64 ]. This finding was consistent with the results of Lani et al [ 65 ], who showed that the addition of dispersed phases led to a decrease in polymer biodegradation rate.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Ultrasonication Time on the Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol/Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose/Nano-ZnO/Multilayer Graphene Nanoplatelet Composite Films

Zhang

Dong

et al. 2020

Nanomaterials

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Ultrasonication-assisted solution casting was used to prepare polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/nano-ZnO/multilayer graphene nanoplatelet (xGnP) composite films; the performances (mechanical properties, water vapor permeability (WVP), biodegradability and antibacterial activity) of these films were investigated as a function of the ZnO NPs:xGnP mass ratio and ultrasonication time. Intermolecular interactions among ZnO NPs, xGnP and the PVA/CMC matrix were shown to improve WVP, while X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy analyses revealed that the internal reticular structure of ultrasound-treated PVA/CMC/ZnO NPs/xGnP composite films was in a fluffier state than that of the untreated composite films and the PVA/CMC film. The incorporation of ZnO NPs and xGnP into the composite film reduced its tensile strength and elongation at break, and increased antibacterial activity and biodegradability. In addition, we carried out the experiment of strawberry preservation and measured weight loss ratio, firmness, content of total soluble solids and titration acid. Finally, the composite film of 7:3 had the best preservation effect on strawberries. Thus, the obtained results paved the way to develop novel biodegradable composite films with antimicrobial activity for a wide range of applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Ultrasonication Time on the Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol/Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose/Nano-ZnO/Multilayer Graphene Nanoplatelet Composite Films

Zhang

Dong

et al. 2020

Nanomaterials

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“…The F value was then used in order to calculate the corresponding p value, which was then compared with the confidence level, α = 0.05. According to ANOVA, p > α, corresponds to the null hypothesis (equivalence of the means), whereas p < α indicates that the population means are significantly different [23].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocompatible Blends Based on Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) and Solid Organic Waste

Greco¹,

Ferrari²,

Striani³

et al. 2019

Journal of Renewable Materials

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This work is aimed at the development of new green composite materials through the incorporation of the solid organic waste (SOW) in a thermoplastic matrix. After being ground, the organic waste was exposed to a sterilization process, though an autoclave cycle, in order to obtain a complete removal of the bacterial activity. The SOW was found to have a high amount of water, about 65-70%, which made uneconomical its further treatment to reduce the water amount. Therefore, a water soluble polymer, poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) was chosen in order to produce SOW based blends. However, in order to reduce the viscosity of the PVA/SOW slurry, further amount of water was added. The very low viscosity attained by the water suspension allowed to process the PVA/SOW blends by a pressure-free process, for the production of samples, which were afterwards subjected to physical and mechanical characterization. Flexural tests showed the promising properties of the developed blends. In particular, the relevance of porosity was assessed. Increasing the water amount involved a signification increase of porosity, due to a faster water evaporation during processing. On the other hand, compared to neat PVA, addition of SOW allowed to significantly decrease the porosity of the produced samples. Despite this, the mechanical properties of the PVA/ SOW blends were shown to be lower than those of neat PVA processed analogously.

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“…In order to facilitate the interpretation of the results, it is more easily the determination of their influence on the seed germination rate or on the reduction of plant growth. Those parameters are connected to the compost quality and are independent from the chemical composition [49]. The introduction of toxic elements, such as for example heavy metals, halogenated or aromatic hydrocarbons, could contaminate the compost, being declassified to a second or third quality compost or becoming compost of limited use.…”

Section: Microbial Toxicity Of Synthetic Biopolymer Wastes and Degmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Degradation of Synthetic Biopolymers Waste

2019

Self Cite

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Over the last ten years, the demand of biodegradable polymers has grown at an annual rate of 20–30%. However, the market share is about less than 0.1% of the total plastic production due to their lower performances, higher price and limited legislative attention in respect to the standard materials. The biodegradability as a functional added property is often not completely perceived from the final consumers. However, the opportunity to use renewable resources and to reduce the dependency from petroleum resources could become an incentive to accelerate their future growth. Renewable raw materials, coming from industrial wastes such as oilseed crops, starch from cereals and potatoes, cellulose from straw and wood, etc., can be converted into chemical intermediates and polymers, in order to substitute fossil fuel feedstock. The introduction of these new products could represent a significant contribution to sustainable development. However, the use of renewable resources and the production of the bioplastics are no longer a guarantee for a minimal environmental impact. The production process as well as their technical performances and their ultimate disposal has to be carefully considered. Bioplastics are generally biodegradable, but the diffusion of the composting technology is a prerequisite for their development. Efforts are required at industry level in order to develop less expensive and high performance products, with minimal environmental impact technologies.

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Biodegradation and ecotoxicological impact of cellulose nanocomposites in municipal solid waste composting

Cited by 35 publications

References 32 publications

Effects of Ultrasonication Time on the Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol/Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose/Nano-ZnO/Multilayer Graphene Nanoplatelet Composite Films

Effects of Ultrasonication Time on the Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol/Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose/Nano-ZnO/Multilayer Graphene Nanoplatelet Composite Films

Biocompatible Blends Based on Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) and Solid Organic Waste

Microbial Degradation of Synthetic Biopolymers Waste

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