Biodegradation and detoxification of phenanthrene in in vitro and in vivo conditions by a newly isolated ligninolytic fungus Coriolopsis byrsina strain APC5 and characterization of their metabolites for environmental safety

Abstract

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are recalcitrant organic pollutants generated from agricultural, industrial, and municipal sources, and their strong toxic, carcinogenic and teratogenic properties pose a harmful threat to human beings. The present study delas with the bioremediation of phenanthrene by a ligninolytic fungus, Coriolopsis byrsina strain APC5, isolated from the fruiting body of decayed wood surface. During the experiment, Coriolopsis byrsina strain APC5 was found as a promising organisms for the degradation and detoxi cation of phenanthrene (PHE) in in-vitro and in-vivo conditions. HPLC analysis showed that the C. byrsina strain degraded 99.90% of 20 mg/L PHE in in-vitro condition wheras 77.48% degradation of 50 mg/L PHE was reported in in-vivo condition. The maximum degradation of PHE was noted at pH 6.0 at 25 ºC temperature under shaking ask conditions. Further GC-MS analysis of fungal treated samples showed detection of 9, 10-Dihydroxy phenanthrene, 2, 2-Diphenic acid, phthalic acid, 4-heptyloxy phenol, benzene octyl and acetic acid anhydride as a metabolic products of degraded PHE. Furthermore, the phytotoxicity evaluation of degraded PHE was observed through the seed germination method using Vigna radiata and Cicer arietinum seeds. The phytotoxicity results showed that the seed germination index and vegetative growth parameters of plants were increased in the degraded PHE soil. As a result, C. byrsina strain APC5 was found to be a potential organism for the degradation and detoxi cation of PHE without showing any adverse effect of their metabolites.

Filamentous Fungi as Bioremediation Agents of Industrial Effluents: A Systematic Review

“…These organisms were considered to have significant potential for application in bioremediation when compared to the more commonly studied fungi [40]. The seventh study focused on the fungus Coriolopsis byrsina, which reported the degradation of phenanthrene both in vitro and in vivo, achieving rates exceeding 70% [41].…”

White‐rot fungus Phlebia floridensis ITM 12: Laccase production, oxidoreductase profile, and hydrogen‐peroxide independent activity

“…The search of novel species and strains of white rot fungi in natural environments is a promising strategy to identify unique species with versatile enzymatic profile, these species could be also a source of unconventional enzymes that are able to either modify or to degrade xenobiotic and toxic compounds produced by diverse industries [5,6]. Most indigenous fungal species around the world remain undiscovered; thus, research focused on local biodiversity is a productive approach to generate innovative uses of white-rot fungi in biotechnology [6,7].…”