Biodegradation and Bioremediation of Organic Pesticides

Velázquez-Fernández, Jesús Bernardino; Martínez-Rizo, Abril Bernardette; Ramírez-Sandoval, M.; Domínguez-Ojeda, Delia

doi:10.5772/48631

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…When pesticide degradation occurs, it usually involves more than one microorganism, i.e., each microorganism contributes to the biodegradation pathways of the pesticides, while no example of mineralization by a single strain has been reported. It seems that the presence of different microorganisms is essential for adequate biodegradation to occur (Velázquez-Fernández et al 2012 ; Romeh and Hendawi 2014 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microbial communities in pesticide-contaminated soils in Kyrgyzstan and bioremediation possibilities

Döölotkeldieva

Konurbaeva

Bobusheva

2017

Environ Sci Pollut Res

103

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In Kyrgyzstan, many former storehouses and dump sites for obsolete pesticides exist. In 2009/2010, an inventory and assessment of these sites including risks of environmental hazard has been conducted by FAO and the World Bank. Monitoring revealed high concentration of pesticides listed as persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The purpose of this research was to study the microbial structural complexes of the pesticide-contaminated soils in these dumping zones, and to search for and select microorganism’s destructors with cytochrome P450 genes for pesticide degradation. Culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches were used to determine the taxonomic composition of these bacterial communities. The universal primer set for the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene and the specific primer set P450R were used to amplify the cytochrome P450 hydroxylase gene. In soils from Suzak A and B and soils from Balykchy dumping sites, the bacteria from the Actinobacteria phylum (Micrococcus genus) were dominant. These bacteria made up 32–47% of the indigenous local microflora; bacteria species from the Pseudomonas genus (Gammaproteobacteria phylum) made up 23% in Suzak, 12% in Balykchy soils. Bacillus species from the Firmicutes phylum were found only in Suzak soils. The 16S rRNA analyses and the specific primer set P450R have revealed bacteria with cytochrome genes which are directly involved in the degradation process of organic carbon compounds. Experiments were carried out to help select active degraders from the bacterial populations isolated and used to degrade Aldrin in laboratory. Active bacterial strains from the Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus polymyxa population were selected which demonstrated high rates of degradation activity on Aldrin.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pesticide persistence in the environment is caused by either the physico-chemical properties of the pesticide or the lack of organisms able to degrade it. Degradation caused by organisms (biodegradation) could help decrease considerably pesticide persistence in the environment (Velázquez-Fernández et al 2012 ; Lal et al 2010 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial communities in pesticide-contaminated soils in Kyrgyzstan and bioremediation possibilities

Döölotkeldieva

Konurbaeva

Bobusheva

2017

Environ Sci Pollut Res

103

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“…Those organisms able to bioremediate would be called bioremediators. Traditionally, bioremediation has been achieved by using microorganisms [6].…”

Section: Pesticides Resistance In Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It shows that the presence of different microorganisms is essential for an adequate and significant biodegradation. Reported micro-biodegraders belong to Basidiomycetes or to bacterial classes: gammaproteobacteria (Pseudomonas, Aerobacter, Acinetobacter, Moraxella, and Plesiomonas), beta-proteobacteria (Burkholderia and Neisseria), alpha-proteobacteria (Sphingomonas), actinobacteria (Micrococcus), and flavobacteria (Flavobacterium) [6].…”

Section: Pesticides Resistance In Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, bacteria with replication time around or less than minutes are much admirable to respond to natural and artificial pollutant-induced evolutionary pressure; this response is involved in the selection of biotransformation enzymes able to degrade them. These promiscuous enzymes are present in the organisms; even before the exertion of the evolutionary pressure, the induced genetic recombination or mutation in the organisms could lead to enzymes with better biodegradation ability [6].…”

Section: Pesticides Resistance In Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resistance in Bacteria

Sadashiv¹,

Kaliwal²

2016

Insecticides Resistance

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Resistance is the result of bacteria evolving new genes in response to the presence of pesticide and antibiotics. In our society day by day, a number of chemicals, pesticides, and antibiotics are introducing due to the result of resistance development of bacteria. Pesticides are added to the environment for the purpose of killing or injuring some form of life. Pesticide resistance describes the decreased susceptibility of a pest population to a pesticide that was previously effective at controlling the pest. Bacteria have been used extensively for bioremediation purposes. The ability of organisms to bioremediate pesticides is mainly based on their biodegradation activity. Methomyl and imidacloprid are widely using throughout the world as a pesticide. Many pesticide degradation genes present in soil bacteria have been shown to reside on plasmids or genome, a common location for other degradation genes. The excessive use of pesticides and antibiotic leads and promotes the development of resistance in the bacteria. An increase in the frequency of antibiotic resistance in bacteria since the 1950s has been observed for all major classes of antibiotics used to treat a wide variety of diseases. Development of resistance is a major concern for another reason of human and animal health. Antibiotic resistance profiles of the isolates must be done earlier to the use of antibiotics in both to choose appropriate antibiotic for treatment and prevention of the disease. Research into newer antibiotics continues, measures can and should be taken to reverse the practices that promote the development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria.

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