Biodegradable Metals

Biodegradable magnesium fixation screw for barrier membranes used in guided bone regeneration

“…The macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils occurred in the fibrovascular tissue that surrounded the biodegrading screw remnants, and the giant cells were numerous within the tissue that surrounded the shaft of the screw. The giant cells contained what appeared to be particulate debris in all sites at 8 and 16 weeks (presumably biodegradation products from the degradation of the magnesium-based device, literature suggests amorphous calcium phosphate [ 57 ]). At 52 weeks, the inflammatory cell score included only macrophages and single giant cells.…”

Drug-eluting biodegradable metals and metal-ceramic composites: High strength and delayed drug release

“…Under compression, Fe and Fe-Fe 2 O 3 show very high strength (Table 1) comparable to Fe and 316L stainless steel produced by conventional manufacturing methods [8]. Representative stress-strain curves of VH-free Fe and Fe-Fe 2 O 3 are shown in Fig.…”

“…In other words, the drug would play the role of a “glue” that binds Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles resulting into small increase of relative density of drug-eluting metal-ceramic composites. Under compression, Fe and Fe-Fe 2 O 3 show very high strength ( Table 1 ) comparable to Fe and 316L stainless steel produced by conventional manufacturing methods [8]. Representative stress-strain curves of VH-free Fe and Fe-Fe 2 O 3 are shown in Fig.…”

“…1b,c). Considering the low degradation rate of Fe for biodegradable applications [8], we introduced Fe 2 O 3 nanopowder (10 ± 5 vol%), which was reported to increase degradation rate of the Fe matrix [39]. In this work, we denote Fe samples as "metal" and Fe-Fe 2 O 3 samples as "metalceramic composites" (also "metal-ceramics" or "composites").…”

“…However, not all of them combine biodegradability with high mechanical strength, ductility and structural stability that are key features for applications in load-bearing bones (e.g., pelvis, tibia, femur, knee joint) [7]. Among the existing biomaterials, only biodegradable metals or metal-based composites (e.g., metal-metal and metal-ceramic) can fulfill these mechanical requirements [8,9] as biodegradable polymers do not provide adequate mechanical support at load-bearing sites, while biodegradable ceramics are naturally brittle. In this scenario, biodegradable metals are promising candidates for temporary load-bearing bone implants [9,10].…”