Biodegradable hybrid polymer composite reinforced with coconut shell and sweet date seed (Phoenix dactylifera) powder: a physico-mechanical study; part A

Identification of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Polymer Using X-ray Diffractogarm Method: Part 1

“…The FWHM which is also an indication of the level of large crystalline content in the PET samples [4,13,14], the FWHM of 0.5, 0.51, 0.52, 0.52, 0.53 and 0.54 respectively were observed for samples A, B, C, D, E and F respectively. The results are indicative of the fact that the prolonged exposure of the PET polymer bottles in the dump site had little or no effect on the crystalline structure and densities of the PET polymers showing their high resistance to environmental degradation [15][16][17]. In addition the manufacturing processes for each of the PET polymers could be sufficiently different from one another and these variations in processibility could lead to the differences in the crystallinity as indicated in the result which did not follow any particular trends, thus the XRD analysis may not be able to differentiate between PET polymers that are identically similar and produced from different sources, more characterization method may still have to be adopted to overcome these challenges.…”

Natural Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composite (NFRPC) from Waste Polypropylene Filled with Coconut Flour

“…Fibre pullouts were more pronounced in Sample C and Sample E as a result of higher quantities of CF in the composite, this lead to a more densified structure which reflected in the increase in mechanical properties of these NFRPCs. A few of the fibres surfaces that pulled out as shown in Samples A, B and C were as a result of poor adhesion between matrix and fibre [35].…”

“…In a related study it was stated that the for a composite with twophase matrix and reinforcement, the fibre is very elastic and the polymer is plastic in nature, thus the machining force induced in the cutting tool will vary with respect to matrix and reinforcement when compared to isometric metal-like metallic materials Naresh et al, [34], thus "the possibility of fibre distortion failure from its actual position and matrix infusion takes place at higher machining force". In his work Ejiogu et al, [35] stated that the "higher flexural properties of composites depend on the strength of the interfacial bonding in addition to the strength of the extreme layers of reinforcement in the hybrid composites (Agarwal et al [36]; Abdul et al [37] while weak matrix/fibre bonding (interfacial) contributes to poor flexural properties (Abdul et al [37]".…”

“…In the study of Wambua et al, [27] he showed that the impact strength of coir jute and kenaf composite showed higher impact strength. In their study Jawaid et al [38] reported that the impact strength of jute/OPEFBs hybrid epoxy composite was greatly influenced by the glass fibres incorporated in the hybrid composite [35]. The slightly lower impact resistance recorded at A compared to that at B(CF: 10%) could be attributed to more void contents and poor interfacial bonding between CF and polymer matrix, agglomeration and fibre pullout, resulting in crack propagation as stress was applied to the NFRPCs reducing its impact strength [39].…”