Biodegradable electronics: cornerstone for sustainable electronics and transient applications

Tan, Mein Jin; Owh, Cally; Chee, Pei Lin; Kyaw, Aung Ko Ko; Kai, Dan; Loh, Xian Jun

doi:10.1039/c6tc00678g

Cited by 192 publications

(172 citation statements)

References 195 publications

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“…[6] Many of them contain non-biodegradable plastics, or toxic heavy metals and halogenated compounds. [4,5,7] Efficient management and recycling of e-waste need to be encouraged and regulated but also more biodegradable and naturederived materials should be integrated into consumer electronics in pursuit of sustainability. [4,8,9] Although promising high-performance green devices have been recently demonstrated, [7] a number of drawbacks associated with the use of In today's fast-paced and well-connected world, consumer electronics are evolving rapidly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Electronics Based on Crop Plant Extracts and Graphene: A “Bioadvantaged” Approach

Cataldi

Heredia‐Guerrero

Guzmán-Puyol

et al. 2018

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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In today's fast‐paced and well‐connected world, consumer electronics are evolving rapidly. As a result, the amount of discarded electronic devices is becoming a major health and environmental concern. The rapid expansion of flexible electronics has the potential to transform consumer electronic devices from rigid phones and tablets to robust wearable devices. This means increased use of plastics in consumer electronics and the potential to generate more persistent plastic waste for the environment. Hence, today, the need for flexible biodegradable electronics is at the forefront of minimizing the mounting pile of global electronic waste. A “bioadvantaged” approach to develop a biodegradable, flexible, and application‐adaptable electronic components based on crop components and graphene is reported. More specifically, by combining zein, a corn‐derived protein, and aleuritic acid, a major monomer of tomato cuticles and sheellac, along with graphene, biocomposite conductors having low electrical resistance (≈10 Ω sq−1) with exceptional mechanical and fatigue resilience are fabricated. Further, a number of high‐performance electronic applications, such as THz electromagnetic shielding, flexible GHz antenna construction, and flexible solar cell electrode, are demonstrated. Excellent performance results are measured from each application comparable to conventional nondegrading counterparts, thus paving the way for the concept of “plant‐e‐tronics” towards sustainability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Electronics Based on Crop Plant Extracts and Graphene: A “Bioadvantaged” Approach

Cataldi

Heredia‐Guerrero

Guzmán-Puyol

et al. 2018

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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“…However, the industry tends to promote an insatiable appetite for newer and more attractive devices in the public. This promotion towards EEE renovation also creates a growing environmental problem, associated with electronic waste management [3][4][5]. EEE renovation also influences the promotion of technological obsolescence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

E-Waste Supply Chain in Mexico: Challenges and Opportunities for Sustainable Management

et al. 2017

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Electronic waste is a widespread environmental problem. From all waste streams, e-waste is registering one of the largest growing rates (between 3% and 5%). In Mexico, the e-waste recovery system comprises a mix of formal and informal sectors not well known to date. The goal of this article was to analyze electronic waste in Mexico through the active actors in the recovery chain. This article presents the evolution of studies on electronic waste in Mexico. The legal regulations and public policies were analyzed, as were the existing practices of electronic waste handling, and some challenges facing this country for waste flow management. A management model is proposed which highlights components that must be considered in the model and the opportunities and challenges to transition from an unbundled handling, which still has practices that lack environmental and technical support, to sustainable management.

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“…Besides, the continuous diffusion of noninvasive and minimally invasive sensor systems for personalized medicine and sport&wellness activities envisages an ever‐growing electronic waste that poses serious environmental hazards, given the pervasive presence and rapid turn‐over of electronic devices in everyday life . The development of biodegradable electronic components and systems that facilitate disposal by natural dissolution in ambient or mild conditions without environmental threats could mitigate electronic waste problems …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioresorbable Materials on the Rise: From Electronic Components and Physical Sensors to In Vivo Monitoring Systems

2020

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Over the last decade, scientists have dreamed about the development of a bioresorbable technology that exploits a new class of electrical, optical, and sensing components able to operate in physiological conditions for a prescribed time and then disappear, being made of materials that fully dissolve in vivo with biologically benign byproducts upon external stimulation. The final goal is to engineer these components into transient implantable systems that directly interact with organs, tissues, and biofluids in real‐time, retrieve clinical parameters, and provide therapeutic actions tailored to the disease and patient clinical evolution, and then biodegrade without the need for device‐retrieving surgery that may cause tissue lesion or infection. Here, the major results achieved in bioresorbable technology are critically reviewed, with a bottom‐up approach that starts from a rational analysis of dissolution chemistry and kinetics, and biocompatibility of bioresorbable materials, then moves to in vivo performance and stability of electrical and optical bioresorbable components, and eventually focuses on the integration of such components into bioresorbable systems for clinically relevant applications. Finally, the technology readiness levels (TRLs) achieved for the different bioresorbable devices and systems are assessed, hence the open challenges are analyzed and future directions for advancing the technology are envisaged.

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Biodegradable electronics: cornerstone for sustainable electronics and transient applications

Abstract: Electronic devices have become ubiquitous in modern society and are prevalent in every facet of human activities.

Cited by 192 publications

References 195 publications

Sustainable Electronics Based on Crop Plant Extracts and Graphene: A “Bioadvantaged” Approach

Sustainable Electronics Based on Crop Plant Extracts and Graphene: A “Bioadvantaged” Approach

E-Waste Supply Chain in Mexico: Challenges and Opportunities for Sustainable Management

Bioresorbable Materials on the Rise: From Electronic Components and Physical Sensors to In Vivo Monitoring Systems

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