Biocrude Production through Pyrolysis of Used Tyres

Abstract

A review of the pyrolysis process of used tyre as a method of producing an alternative energy source is presented in this paper. The study reports the characteristics of used tyre materials and methods of recycling, types and principles of pyrolysis, the pyrolysis products and their composition, effects of process parameters, and kinetic models applied to pyrolysis. From publications, the proximate analysis of tyre rubber shows that it is composed of about 28.6 wt.% fixed carbon, 62 wt.% volatile material, 8.5 wt.% ash, and 0.9 wt.% moisture. Elemental analysis reveals that tyre rubber has an estimated value of 82 wt.% of C, 8 wt.% of H, 0.4 wt.% of N, 1.3 wt.% of S, 2.4 wt.% of O, and 5.9 wt.% of ash. Thermogravimetry analysis confirms that the pyrolysis of used tyre at atmospheric pressure commences at 250°C and completes at 550°C. The three primary products obtained from used tyre pyrolysis are solid residue (around 36 wt.%), liquid fraction or biocrude (around 55 wt.%), and gas fraction (around 9 wt.%). Although there is variation in the value of kinetic parameters obtained by different authors from the kinetic modeling of used tyre, the process is generally accepted as a first order reaction based on Arrhenius theory.

Exergy Replacement Cost of Fossil Fuels: Closing the Carbon Cycle

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Moving towards sustainable end-of-life tyre management from the cost and environmental perspectives: a case study of Thailand

“…The characteristics of the oils produced also vary widely because of the different pyrolysis conditions (Osayi, Iyuke and Ogbeide, 2014). Chang (1996) reports that the distribution of product yields from pyrolysis varies with temperature.…”

Modeling of destruction processes during recycling of rubber-technical waste using the technology of multi-contour circulation pyrolysis

“…Thus, paper [2] gives a broad overview of technologies of pyrolysis of worn tires as the methods for obtaining alternative fuel. Termogravimetric method was used to determine the optimum temperatures to conduct the process, along with it, kinetic parameters were defined.…”