BIOCONTROL OF TEAK CANKER CAUSED BY Lasiodiplodia theobromae

Abstract

Teak is a forest species that has assumed great importance in Brazil, where it has found excellent conditions for development since its introduction into the country in the 1960s. However, phytosanitary problems are beginning to threaten the production of this timber species. An example is teak canker, caused by the fungus Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Lt), which has only recently been reported in Brazil, and for which, therefore, there are no recommended control methods. Thus, this study evaluated the control of this pathogen, investigating the potential of the biocontrol agents (BCAs) Trichoderma spp., Bacillus sp. and Enterobacter sp., initially through in vitro assays and, subsequently, with in vivo tests. According to the in vitro assay results, the Trichoderma isolates CEN162 and CEN1153 and the strain of Bacillus sp. (UnB1366) were the treatments that stood out, as they were able to completely inhibit mycelial growth of some isolates of Lt. When these isolates were tested in a preventive way, the control levels varied depending on the Lt isolate and the antagonist-clone interaction, where CEN162 (T. asperellum) and UnB166 (Bacillus sp.) showed 100% control. Thus, there is a positive correlation between the in vitro and in vivo tests, since the same BCAs stood out. Although good levels of control have been obtained with the BCAs used, it can be concluded that there is a variation in the antagonism to different Lt isolates or even in the antagonist-clone interaction, corroborating the information available in the scientific literature on this plant-pathogenic fungus.

Suppression of Stem-End Rot on Avocado Fruit Using Trichoderma spp. in the Central Highlands of Kenya

“…Trichoderma atroviride stood out in the control of N. parvum, N. pseudotrichia, and F. solani, while T. harzianum performed better in the control of L. theobromae during the in vitro test and postharvest treatment of the avocado fruits. Similarly, studies conducted by Borges et al [31] on biocontrol of teak canker caused by L. theobromae showed a positive correlation between the in vivo and in vitro studies. Trichoderma atroviride showed higher efficacy than T. harzianum against L. theobromae, N. parvum, and N. pseudotrichia during preinoculation.…”

MALDI mass spectrometry-based identification of antifungal molecules from endophytic Bacillus strains with biocontrol potential of Lasiodiplodia theobromae, a grapevine trunk pathogen in Peru

“…Dual confrontation studies have permitted evaluation of the inhibition of L. theobromae mainly by different bacterial strains and their biomolecules ( Alfonzo et al., 2009 ; Sajitha et al., 2014 ; Che et al., 2015 ; Piccolo et al., 2016 ; Seethapathy et al., 2016 ; Borges et al., 2018 ; Russi et al., 2020 ). However, MALDI MS-based proteomics has proved to be a higher resolution method for the selection of antagonistic microorganisms based on the identification and characterization of their bioactive molecules ( Toubal et al., 2017 ; López et al., 2018 ; LaMontagne et al., 2021 ; Munakata et al., 2022 ).…”

Experimental Parameters Influence the Observed Antimicrobial Response of Oak Wood (Quercus petraea)

“…[ 22 , 23 , 24 ]. In addition, researchers have used certain wood microbes, e.g., Bacillus subtilis, to treat surfaces and stop the growth of undesired wood degrading fungi [ 25 , 26 , 27 ].…”