Biocontrol of common carp in Australia poses risks to biosecurity

Lighten, Jackie; Oosterhout, Cock van

doi:10.1038/s41559-017-0087

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…CyHV-3-associated mass carp deaths in Australia have not been recorded, but this may simply reflect a lack of the environmental co-factors necessary for disease emergence. These considerations have prompted the advice that further assessments of efficacy (not to mention safety) should be carried out before the proposed release is attempted [ 39 , 41 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic and biologic comparisons of cyprinid herpesvirus 3 strains

Gao

Suárez

Wilkie

et al. 2018

Vet Res

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Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3) is the archetypal fish alloherpesvirus and the etiologic agent of a lethal disease in common and koi carp. To date, the genome sequences of only four CyHV-3 isolates have been published, but no comparisons of the biologic properties of these strains have been reported. We have sequenced the genomes of a further seven strains from various geographical sources, and have compared their growth in vitro and virulence in vivo. The major findings were: (i) the existence of the two genetic lineages previously described as European and Asian was confirmed, but inconsistencies between the geographic origin and genotype of some strains were revealed; (ii) potential inter-lineage recombination was detected in one strain, which also suggested the existence of a third, as yet unidentified lineage; (iii) analysis of genetic disruptions led to the identification of non-essential genes and their potential role in virulence; (iv) comparison of the in vitro and in vivo properties of strains belonging to the two lineages revealed that inter-lineage polymorphisms do not contribute to the differences in viral fitness observed; and (v) a negative correlation was observed among strains between viral growth in vitro and virulence in vivo. This study illustrates the importance of coupling genomic and biologic comparisons of viral strains in order to enhance understanding of viral evolution and pathogenesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic and biologic comparisons of cyprinid herpesvirus 3 strains

Gao

Suárez

Wilkie

et al. 2018

Vet Res

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“…Once again, biocontrol presents a compelling example. Although controversial [131][132][133] , the proposed release of cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3) as a biological control against invasive common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) in Australia may present a unique opportunity to follow, in real time, the co-evolution between host and virus at both the genotypic and phenotypic scales. Both theory and virus natural history predict that CyHV-3 virulence will decline with time 134 , and it will be interesting and informative to see how any such virulence evolution is manifest in phylogenomic data.…”

Section: Future Directions and Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The phylogenomics of evolving virus virulence

2018

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| How virulence evolves after a virus jumps to a new host species is central to disease emergence. Our current understanding of virulence evolution is based on insights drawn from two perspectives that have developed largely independently: long-standing evolutionary theory based on limited real data examples that often lack a genomic basis, and experimental studies of virulence-determining mutations using cell culture or animal models. A more comprehensive understanding of virulence mutations and their evolution can be achieved by bridging the gap between these two research pathways through the phylogenomic analysis of virus genome sequence data as a guide to experimental study.

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“…In the same system, the Australian Government plans to target invasive common carp ( Cyprinus carpio ) with cyprinid herpesvirus-3 (CyHV-3 11 ). Viral control could leave millions of tonnes of carp carcasses rotting in river systems that supply drinking water and agricultural irrigation 12 , representing a major risk for humans 13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scavenging by threatened turtles regulates freshwater ecosystem health during fish kills

Santori

Spencer

Thompson

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Humans are increasing the frequency of fish kills by degrading freshwater ecosystems. Simultaneously, scavengers like freshwater turtles are declining globally, including in the Australian Murray–Darling Basin. Reduced scavenging may cause water quality problems impacting both ecosystems and humans. We used field and mesocosm experiments to test whether scavenging by turtles regulates water quality during simulated fish kills. In the field, we found that turtles were important scavengers of fish carrion. In mesocosms, turtles rapidly consumed carrion, and water quality in mesocosms with turtles returned to pre-fish kill levels faster than in turtle-free controls. Our experiments have important ecological implications, as they suggest that turtles are critical scavengers that regulate water quality in freshwater ecosystems. Recovery of turtle populations may be necessary to avoid the worsening of ecosystem health, particularly after fish kills, which would have devastating consequences for many freshwater species.

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Biocontrol of common carp in Australia poses risks to biosecurity

Cited by 15 publications

References 7 publications

Genomic and biologic comparisons of cyprinid herpesvirus 3 strains

Genomic and biologic comparisons of cyprinid herpesvirus 3 strains

The phylogenomics of evolving virus virulence

Scavenging by threatened turtles regulates freshwater ecosystem health during fish kills

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