Biocontrol of black scurf on potato by seed tuber treatment with Pythium oligandrum

Ikeda, Sachiko; Shimizu, Ayumi; Shimizu, Mitsugu; Takahashi, Hideki; Takenaka, Shigehito

doi:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2011.10.016

Cited by 34 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…When they were examined after three weeks, the number of seed potatoes with spores decreased by 60%. The field trials confirmed the results of laboratory tests because there was a lower incidence of fungal diseases in the plants treated with P. oligandrum [41].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

An Assessment of the Functional and Ecological Aspect of Novel Intermittent Stream Valves for Spraying Seed Potatoes

et al. 2020

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It is important to protect potatoes from insects and diseases at an early stage of their development. Pesticides are necessary to prevent loss caused by Colorado potato beetles feeding on potato leaves. Nowadays, there are attempts to reduce the use of chemical agents to the minimum necessary level. This article describes the construction of a novel valve that applies chemicals in an intermittent stream during potato treatment. Thus, it is possible to reduce the emission of chemicals to the natural environment. The article also describes the research site where the valve was tested, provides the results of laboratory investigations on different types of sprayer nozzles and their validation. Apart from that, the degree of the seed potato surface covering with the dressing was assessed in order to select the right sprayer nozzle and working pressure. The results of field tests of the seed dresser prototype with novel nozzles showed that they effectively dressed seed potatoes while saving 2 L (50%) of the chemical per hectare. Fissure sprayers achieved the highest degree of covering (up to 78%) with the first version of the valve (without auxiliary airflow). When the innovative valve (the second solution with auxiliary airstream) was applied at a distance of 50 mm from the seed potato fall path S, the highest degree of coverage with the dressing substance (up to 88%) was observed for the ejector sprayer. When the distance between the valve and the seed potato fall, path S was increased from 50 to 100 mm, the degree of surface coverage was lower for both of the valves used in the tests.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

An Assessment of the Functional and Ecological Aspect of Novel Intermittent Stream Valves for Spraying Seed Potatoes

et al. 2020

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“…Recent advances in our understanding of the biological principles of P. oligandrum action have greatly contributed to unravelling the complex machinery developed by this oomycete in relation to its ability to: 1) colonize the rhizosphere of many crop plants and compete for space and nutrients; 2) directly attack an array of soilborne fungal pathogens including ascomycetes Bradshaw-Smith et al, 1991), basidiomycetes (Ikeda et al, 2012), pathogenic oomycetes and resting structures (i.e. sclerotia) (Rey et al, 2005); 3) promote plant growth via the putative production of tryptamine (TNH 2 ), an auxin precursor (Le Floch et al, 2003b); and 4) confer increased crop protection against fungal and bacterial diseases via the activation of the plant immune system Le Floch et al, 2003a;Takenaka & Tamagake, 2009;Takenaka et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pythium oligandrum: an example of opportunistic success

et al. 2012

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Pythium oligandrum, a non-pathogenic soil-inhabiting oomycete, colonizes the root ecosystem of many crop species. Whereas most members in the genus Pythium are plant pathogens, P. oligandrum distinguishes itself from the pathogenic species by its ability to protect plants from biotic stresses in addition to promoting plant growth. The success of P. oligandrum at controlling soilborne pathogens is partly associated with direct antagonism mediated by mycoparasitism and antimicrobial compounds. Interestingly, P. oligandrum has evolved with specific mechanisms to attack its prey even when these belong to closely related species. Of particular relevance is the question of how P. oligandrum distinguishes between self-and non-self cell wall degradation during the mycoparasitic process of pathogenic oomycete species. The ability of P. oligandrum to enter and colonize the root system before rapidly degenerating is one of the most striking features that differentiate it from all other known biocontrol fungal agents. In spite of this atypical behaviour, P. oligandrum sensitizes the plant to defend itself through the production of at least two types of microbe-associated molecular patterns, including oligandrin and cell wall protein fractions, which appear to be closely involved in the early events preceding activation of the jasmonic acid-and ethylene-dependent signalling pathways and subsequent localized and systemic induced resistance. The aim of this review is to highlight the expanding knowledge of the mechanisms by which P. oligandrum provides beneficial effects to plants and to explore the potential use of this oomycete or its metabolites as new disease management strategies.

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“…PO has been demonstrated to be an effective biocontrol agent for such soilborne diseases as dampingoff of sugar beet caused by Pythium ultimum 17 , Verticillium wilt of pepper 2 , and bacterial wilt of tomato 9 . Recently, our group found the treatment of potato seed tubers with PO oospore suspensions to be a practical control measure for black scurf of potato caused by R. solani AG-3 in the field 10 . PO is also effective against leaf diseases caused by such aerial pathogens as gray mold (Botrytis cinerea) in tomato 14 and grapevine 21 .…”

Section: Biocontrol Of Sugar Beet Seedling and Taproot Diseases Causementioning

confidence: 99%

Biocontrol of Sugar Beet Seedling and Taproot Diseases Caused by Aphanomyces cochlioides by Pythium oligandrum Treatments before Transplanting

Takenaka

Ishikawa

2013

JARQ

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IntroductionIn Japan, sugar beets (Beta vulgaris L.) are only cultivated in the Hokkaido region, where a transplanting technique is commonly employed. This technique entails seeding sugar beets in paper pot nurseries for about 45 days of cultivation in a greenhouse, and then transplanting the seedlings in the field. Commercial fungicide-pelleted seeds are typically used to protect sugar beets from seedling diseases. In the Hokkaido region, Pythium spp., Rhizoctonia solani and Aphanomyces cochlioides are the main causal pathogens at the seedling stage of sugar beet 11 . Infection by Pythium spp. primarily causes pre-emergence damping-off, while R. solani causes the pre-emergence death of seedlings and damages newly emerged seedlings. On the other hand, A. cochlioides causes little or no preemergence damping-off, but causes extensive post-emergence damping-off that could result in the destruction of entire fields, especially in warm and wet soil 13 . Fungicidepelleted seeds can stably control pre-emergence damping-off, but not post-emergence damping-off, and so the latter type of damping-off caused by A. cochlioides is the main cause of sugar beet seedling loss. Furthermore, after seedlings are transplanted in the field, A. cochlioides can also cause root rot (i.e., Aphanomyces root rot) from late June to the end of the growing season 28,29 . The pathogen is widely distributed throughout sugar beet production areas, persistent for long periods in the soil, and not easily controlled by chemicals and cultivation practices. As a result, Aphanomyces root rot is a chronic problem that could become particularly severe in certain fields or during years when warm and moist conditions prevail. Therefore, new control measures for both post-emergence Biocontrol of Sugar Beet Seedling and Taproot Diseases Caused by Aphanomyces cochlioides by Pythium oligandrum AbstractBiocontrol activities in the oospore suspensions of 17 isolates of Pythium oligandrum (PO) were examined for their effect against post-emergence seedling diseases. The seeds of sugar beet that had been commercially chemical-pelleted to prevent pre-emergence damping-off were sown in Aphanomyces cochlioides-infested soil on trays. PO isolate MMR2 proved most effective in controlling post-emergence damping-off, at a level equivalent to that of applying fungicides. Oospore suspensions stored for 188 days or 379 days at 4℃ were as effective against A. cochlioides post-emergence damping-off as chemical control. Treating soil with PO oospores by mixing suspensions into the surface of soil in paper pot nurseries or by drenching seedlings 32 days before transplanting could control Aphanomyces root rot in the field without additional applications. The control effect conferred by PO suspensions was also demonstrated in vitro. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay used to detect PO indicated that this oomycete could colonize the rhizosphere of sugar beet plants cultivated in the field when applied before transplanting. These results suggest that PO has the potential to c...

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Biocontrol of black scurf on potato by seed tuber treatment with Pythium oligandrum

Cited by 34 publications

References 36 publications

An Assessment of the Functional and Ecological Aspect of Novel Intermittent Stream Valves for Spraying Seed Potatoes

An Assessment of the Functional and Ecological Aspect of Novel Intermittent Stream Valves for Spraying Seed Potatoes

Pythium oligandrum: an example of opportunistic success

Biocontrol of Sugar Beet Seedling and Taproot Diseases Caused by Aphanomyces cochlioides by Pythium oligandrum Treatments before Transplanting

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