Biocontrol of Avian Gastrointestinal Parasites Using Predatory Fungi: Current Status, Challenges, and Opportunities

Lozano, João; Almeida, Cristina; Oliveira, Manuela; Silva, Adolfo Paz; Carvalho, Luís Madeira de

doi:10.3390/parasitologia2010004

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 49 publications

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“…P. chlamydosporia is a fungus used in numerous researches against several species of parasites, against which it has shown significant negative effects. Among the species of parasites that have proved sensitive to its action, are found: Ascaridia galli [178,179], Heterakis gallinarum [178,179], Oxyuris equi [180], Ascaris suum [181], and Toxocara canis [182].…”

Section: Biocontrol Of Animal Parasitosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungi and Oomycetes–Allies in Eliminating Environmental Pathogens

Luca¹

2023

Veterinary Medicine and Science

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Fungi and oomycetes are the subjects of numerous current research studies. These are natural agents that can control parasitic populations, and arthropod populations with a role in the transmission of various diseases but can also eliminate various pollutants that are found in the external environment. Therefore, their conservation and exploitation are a global necessity, due to the benefits they confer on the quality of life of animals, but also of humans. Science must be aimed at finding a balance between the different constituents of the ecosystem and establishing coexistence relationships that are beneficial to all. Thus, research should be directed at investigating the potential actions of fungi and oomycetes against the various agents with which they coexist naturally in the external environment. This chapter provides information regarding the mechanism of action of these natural constituents and updates information on the species of fungi and oomycetes that have been studied so far. Thus, readers can have a base in this field and can further exploit what they have discovered to continue to improve the welfare of animals, addressing an ecological and healthy vision.

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Section: Biocontrol Of Animal Parasitosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungi and Oomycetes–Allies in Eliminating Environmental Pathogens

Luca¹

2023

Veterinary Medicine and Science

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Biocontrol efficacy of endophytic fungus, Acremonium sclerotigenum, against Meloidogyne incognita under in vitro and in vivo conditions

Yao,

Huo,

Ben

et al. 2023

Biologia

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Biocontrol microorganisms are important tools for the control of root knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.). Endophytic fungi have shown great potential as biocontrol agents in such applications. We here isolated an endophytic fungus from tomato root galls infected with M. incognita and identified the isolate as Acremonium sclerotigenum based on morphology and the internal transcribed spacer sequence. The biocontrol potential of this fungus was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. Specifically, in vitro analyses were conducted to determine the potential of A. sclerotigenum to increase Meloidogyne incognita juvenile (J2 stage) mortality and decrease M. incognita egg hatching rates. The results revealed that A. sclerotigenum culture filtrates caused high J2 mortality rates (up to 95.5%) and significantly inhibited egg hatching (by up to ~ 43%). Furthermore, eggs treated with the culture filtrate were disaggregated and could not develop into nematodes. An in vivo experiment showed that treatment of tomato plants with A. sclerotigenum suppressed root knot nematode populations and significantly reduced the galling index. Both A. sclerotigenum treatment and exposure to the nematicide abamectin had good control effects, with efficacy rates of 55.43% and 70.58%, respectively. In summary, the endophytic fungus A. sclerotigenum here showed excellent potential for biocontrol of M. incognita. Further studies should be conducted to identify the nematicidal compounds produced by this fungus and to establish the molecular mechanism of action associated with the observed biocontrol effects.

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Isolation of saprophytic filamentous fungi from avian fecal samples and assessment of its predatory activity on coccidian oocysts

Lozano

Louro

Almeida³

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Fungal strains used in the biocontrol of animal gastrointestinal parasites have been mainly isolated from pasture soil, decaying organic matter, and feces from herbivores and carnivores. However, their isolation from birds and assessment of predatory activity against avian GI parasites has been scarce thus far. This research aimed to isolate filamentous fungi from avian fecal samples and evaluate their predatory activity against coccidia. A pool of 58 fecal samples from chickens, laying hens, and peacocks, previously collected between July 2020-April 2021, were used for isolation of filamentous fungi and assessment of their in vitro predatory activity against coccidian oocysts, using Water-Agar medium and coprocultures. The Willis-flotation technique was also performed to obtain concentrated suspensions of oocysts. A total of seven Mucor isolates was obtained, being the only fungal taxa identified, and all presented lytic activity against coccidia. Isolates FR3, QP2 and SJ1 had significant coccidiostatic efficacies (inhibition of sporulation) higher than 70%, while isolates FR1, QP2 and QP1 had coccidicidal efficacies (destruction of the oocysts) of 22%, 14% and 8%, respectively, after 14 days of incubation, being a gradual and time-dependent process. To our knowledge, this is the first report regarding the isolation of native predatory fungi from avian feces and demonstration of their lytic activity against coccidia.

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Biocontrol of Avian Gastrointestinal Parasites Using Predatory Fungi: Current Status, Challenges, and Opportunities

Cited by 5 publications

References 49 publications

Fungi and Oomycetes–Allies in Eliminating Environmental Pathogens

Fungi and Oomycetes–Allies in Eliminating Environmental Pathogens

Biocontrol efficacy of endophytic fungus, Acremonium sclerotigenum, against Meloidogyne incognita under in vitro and in vivo conditions

Isolation of saprophytic filamentous fungi from avian fecal samples and assessment of its predatory activity on coccidian oocysts

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