Biocontrol and Plant-Growth-Promoting Traits of Talaromyces apiculatus and Clonostachys rosea Consortium against Ganoderma Basal Stem Rot Disease of Oil Palm

Abstract

Basal stem rot (BSR) disease caused by Ganoderma boninense basidiomycetous fungus is the most economically important disease in oil palms in South East Asia. Unfortunately, there is no single most effective control measure available. Tremendous efforts have been directed in incorporation of environmentally friendly biocontrol approaches in minimizing BSR disease. This study investigated the performance of two potential biocontrol agents (BCAs), AAT0115 and AAB0114 strains recovered from oil palm on suppression of BSR in planta, and also assessed their plant-growth-promoting (PGP) performance. ITS rRNA-sequence phylogeny discriminated the two ascomycetous Talaromyces apiculatus (Ta) AT0115 and Clonostachys rosea (Cr) AAB0114 biocontrol species with PGP characteristics. In vitro studies have demonstrated both Ta and Cr are capable of reducing linear mycelial growth of G. boninense. Inoculation of individual Cr and Ta—as well as Cr+Ta consortium—induced a significant increment in leaf area and bole girth of oil-palm seedlings five months post-inoculation (MPI) under nursery conditions. At five months post-inoculation, shoot and root biomass, and nutrient contents (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and boron) were significantly higher in Ta-inoculated seedlings compared to control treated with non-Ta-inoculated maize. Chlorophyll and carotenoids contents in rapidly growing oil-palm seedlings challenged with Cr, Ta or a combination of both were not negatively affected. Cr, Ta and Cr+Ta consortium treated seedlings had 4.9–60% BSR disease reduction compared to the untreated control. Co-inoculation of Cr and Ta resulted in increased BSR control efficiencies by 18–26% (compared with Cr only) and 48–55% (compared with Ta only). Collectively, Cr and Ta, either individually or in consortium showed potential as BSR biocontrol agents while also possess PGP traits in oil palm.

Domates (Solanum lycopersicium L.) Bitkisinde, Verticillium Solgunluğu (Verticillium Dahliae Kleb.) ve Erken Yanıklığı [Alternaria solani (Ell. Ve G. Martin) Sor.] Hastalıklarına Karşı Clonostachys rosea (Sch.) Schroers ve Samuels’nin Etkisinin Belirlenmesi

“…C. rosea was observed to promote the growth parameters of plants infected or uninfected with V. dahliae (Table 2). The previous studies showed that C. rosea promoted plant growth parameters infected by different pathogens (Lahlali and Peng, 2014;Goh et al, 2020). Although there is no information regarding the effect of C. rosea on plants infected with V. Dahliae, it has been reported that different biological control agents may increase plant growth parameters infected by V. dahliae (Demir et al, 2015;Gómez-Lama Cabanás et al, 2018).…”

“…Generally, it is reported that biological control agents promote plant growth parameters (Murphy et al, 2003;Harman, 2006;Woo et al, 2006). Goh et al (2020) reported that the leaf area, stem diameter, and plant height were significantly increased 5 months after inoculation by C. rosea compared to the controls. It has also been reported that some biological control agents increase the growth parameters of plants infected with A. solani (Fritz et al, 2006;Chowdappa et al, 2013;Boyno et al, 2020;2022).…”

OIL PALM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE IN MALAYSIA AND R&D PROGRESS IN 2020

“…However, the preliminary investigation of these technologies that focuses too much on the early stage, neglected the more crucial stage; delivery and persistence of the BCA in the environment for a continued control (O'Brien, 2017). Once again in 2020, we see a surplus of publications identifying potential microbes, their modes of actions and disease suppression either in the laboratory or in the nursery stages (Ahmad et al, 2020a;Anggita et al, 2020;Goh et al, 2020a;Naeimi et al, 2020;Parvin et al, 2020;Pramudito et al, 2020). There were no article focusing into the efficacy of an established product in the field.…”

Genetic Diversity and Sequences Analysis from Elaeis guineensis Jacq. Infected with Ganoderma boninense

“…Furthermore, nine oil palms specific SSR primer pairs were found to assess the genetic diversity of a total of 107 alleles from two oil palm species (E. guineensis and E. oleifera) on markers were polymorphic [39]. The genetic base of existing screening palm cultivars has prompted the oil palm breeders to prioritize germplasm and achieve sustainable development material planting that Ganoderma resistance [40].…”