Bioconcentration and developmental neurotoxicity of novel brominated flame retardants, hexabromobenzene and pentabromobenzene in zebrafish

Chen, Xiangping; Guo, Wei; Lei, Lei; Guo, Yongyong; Yang, Lihua; Han, Jian; Zhou, Bingsheng

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115895

Cited by 35 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…During the early developmental stage, locomotor behavior is acknowledged as a crucial neurodevelopment index and is enormously susceptible to environmental contaminants (Rihel et al, 2010). Reduction in the swimming speed in zebrafish larvae was observed upon exposure to pentabromobenzene and hexabromobenzene as an indicator of their neurotoxicity (Chen et al, 2020). In a similar pattern, in our study, Pb exposure led to locomotor impairment as evidenced by a reduction in the total distance traveled and a decrease in swimming speed by the zebrafish.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Myelin basic protein (mbp) is the gene associated with neurodevelopment and has been studied in zebrafish to investigate the gene transcription associated with neurodevelopment (Chen et al, 2020;Gu et al, 2020). Pb exposure led to a significant upregulation in the expression level of mbp ( *** p < 0.001) when compared to that in the control group (Figure 7C).…”

Section: Effect On the Expression Of Neurodevelopmental Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Protective Effect of Chlorogenic Acid and Its Analogues on Lead-Induced Developmental Neurotoxicity Through Modulating Oxidative Stress and Autophagy

Wang

Paudel

et al. 2021

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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Lead (Pb) is among the deleterious heavy metal and has caused global health concerns due to its tendency to cause a detrimental effect on the development of the central nervous system (CNS). Despite being a serious health concern, treatment of Pb poisoning is not yet available, reflecting the pressing need for compounds that can relieve Pb-induced toxicity, especially neurotoxicity. In the quest of exploring protective strategies against Pb-induced developmental neurotoxicity, compounds from natural resources have gained increased attention. Chlorogenic acid (CGA) and its analogues neochlorogenic acid (NCGA) and cryptochlorogenic acid (CCGA) are the important phenolic compounds widely distributed in plants. Herein, utilizing zebrafish as a model organism, we modeled Pb-induced developmental neurotoxicity and investigated the protective effect of CGA, NCGA, and CCGA co-treatment. In zebrafish, Pb exposure (1,000 μg/L) for 5 days causes developmental malformation, loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons, and brain vasculature, as well as disrupted neuron differentiation in the CNS. Additionally, Pb-treated zebrafish exhibited abnormal locomotion. Notably, co-treatment with CGA (100 µM), NCGA (100 µM), and CCGA (50 µM) alleviated these developmental malformation and neurotoxicity induced by Pb. Further underlying mechanism investigation revealed that these dietary phenolic acid compounds may ameliorate Pb-induced oxidative stress and autophagy in zebrafish, therefore protecting against Pb-induced developmental neurotoxicity. In general, our study indicates that CGA, NCGA, and CCGA could be promising agents for treating neurotoxicity induced by Pb, and CCGA shows the strongest detoxifying activity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Effect On the Expression Of Neurodevelopmental Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effect of Chlorogenic Acid and Its Analogues on Lead-Induced Developmental Neurotoxicity Through Modulating Oxidative Stress and Autophagy

Wang

Paudel

et al. 2021

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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“…To check if sinomenine could potentially activate zebrafish α7nAchR signaling, PROCHECK server and ProSA web were applied to test the potential binding ability of sinomenine to zebrafish α7nAChR protein, following a previously described method ( 41 , 42 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sinomenine Hydrochloride Ameliorates Fish Foodborne Enteritis via α7nAchR-Mediated Anti-Inflammatory Effect Whilst Altering Microbiota Composition

Xie

et al. 2021

Front. Immunol.

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Foodborne intestinal inflammation is a major health and welfare issue in aquaculture. To prevent enteritis, various additives have been incorporated into the fish diet. Considering anti-inflammatory immune regulation, an effective natural compound could potentially treat or prevent intestinal inflammation. Our previous study has revealed galantamine’s effect on soybean induced enteritis (SBMIE) and has highlighted the possible role of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway in the fish gut. To further activate the intestinal cholinergic related anti-inflammatory function, α7nAchR signaling was considered. In this study, sinomenine, a typical agonist of α7nAChR in mammals, was tested to treat fish foodborne enteritis via its potential anti-inflammation effect using the zebrafish foodborne enteritis model. After sinomenine’s dietary inclusion, results suggested that there was an alleviation of intestinal inflammation at a pathological level. This outcome was demonstrated through the improved morphology of intestinal villi. At a molecular level, SN suppressed inflammatory cytokines’ expression (especially for tnf-α) and upregulated anti-inflammation-related functions (indicated by expression of il-10, il-22, and foxp3a). To systematically understand sinomenine’s intestinal effect on SBMIE, transcriptomic analysis was done on the SBMIE adult fish model. DEGs (sinomenine vs soybean meal groups) were enriched in GO terms related to the negative regulation of lymphocyte/leukocyte activation and alpha-beta T cell proliferation, as well as the regulation of lymphocyte migration. The KEGG pathways for glycolysis and insulin signaling indicated metabolic adjustments of α7nAchR mediated anti-inflammatory effect. To demonstrate the immune cells’ response, in the SBMIE larva model, inflammatory gatherings of neutrophils, macrophages, and lymphocytes caused by soybean meal could be relieved significantly with the inclusion of sinomenine. This was consistent within the sinomenine group as CD4+ or Foxp3+ lymphocytes were found with a higher proportion at the base of mucosal folds, which may suggest the Treg population. Echoing, the sinomenine group’s 16s sequencing result, there were fewer enteritis-related TM7, Sphingomonas and Shigella, but more Cetobacterium, which were related to glucose metabolism. Our findings indicate that sinomenine hydrochloride could be important in the prevention of fish foodborne enteritis at both immune and microbiota levels.

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“…However, the structure of other transformation products remained unknown, partly because of the low amounts that were generated . This is deplorable because, similarly to HBB, its hydrodebromination product pentabromobenzene (pentaBBz) was found to cause locomotor behavioral anomalies in larvae from zebrafish . However, more information on the toxicity was not available because of the lack of structural knowledge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Full Characterization of the UV Hydrodebromination Products of the Current-Use Brominated Flame Retardants Hexabromobenzene, Pentabromotoluene, and Pentabromoethylbenzene

Klimm

Vetter

2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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UV transformation was studied with three structurally closely related current-use brominated flame retardants (cuBFRs), i.e., hexabromobenzene (HBB), pentabromotoluene (PBT), and pentabromoethylbenzene (PBEB). Irradiation in toluene and benzotrifluoride (BTF) showed pseudo-first-order kinetics. Repeated high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) fractionation, available reference standards, dedicated syntheses, gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC/MS), GC separation on two different phases including retention time rules based on dipole interactions, and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1 H NMR) evaluation enabled a full structural characterization of all 22 transformation products formed by hydrodebromination. In addition to pentabromobenzene (only transformation product with five bromine), tetra-and tribrominated transformation products were predominantly formed in the case of all three cuBFRs. Hydrodebromination was favored by bromine removal from positions with a high Br density. Br → H exchange was about 3 times faster in positions flanked by two vicinal Br atoms. This favored pathway explained why hydrodebromination sharply dropped at the level of tribrominated cuBFRs because readily degradable precursors were no more available at this point. Hence, a full degradation of tribrominated and lower-brominated transformation products may only be achieved in combination with a different process such as microbial transformation.

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Bioconcentration and developmental neurotoxicity of novel brominated flame retardants, hexabromobenzene and pentabromobenzene in zebrafish

Cited by 35 publications

References 62 publications

Protective Effect of Chlorogenic Acid and Its Analogues on Lead-Induced Developmental Neurotoxicity Through Modulating Oxidative Stress and Autophagy

Protective Effect of Chlorogenic Acid and Its Analogues on Lead-Induced Developmental Neurotoxicity Through Modulating Oxidative Stress and Autophagy

Sinomenine Hydrochloride Ameliorates Fish Foodborne Enteritis via α7nAchR-Mediated Anti-Inflammatory Effect Whilst Altering Microbiota Composition

Full Characterization of the UV Hydrodebromination Products of the Current-Use Brominated Flame Retardants Hexabromobenzene, Pentabromotoluene, and Pentabromoethylbenzene

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