Biocomposites from Organic Solid Wastes Derived Biochars: A Review

Abstract

The replacement of natural fiber with biochars to prepare biocomposites has attracted widespread attention recently. Biochar has unique properties, including the porous structure, large specific surface area, high thermal stability, good conductivity, renewable and abundant feedstock source, and environmental friendliness, which provide excellent properties, environmental benefits, and low production costs for biochar-based composites. Biocomposites from organic solid waste-derived biochars show good prospects worldwide in terms of positive social, environmental, and economic impacts. This paper reviews current biochars, elucidates the effects of biochars on the characteristics and performance of biochar composites, and points out the challenges and future development prospects of biochar composites.

A state-of-the-art review on coir fiber-reinforced biocomposites

“…However, the biocomposite production from natural ber reinforcement depends on various factors like interfacial ber to matrix adhesions, length and contents of ber, treatments of bers, and the dispersions of polymers into the ber structure. In this regard, researchers are becoming more interested in biocomposite manufacturing research 4,[32][33][34][35][36][37] and so coir ber-reinforced composites [38][39][40] are also getting signicant consideration. Different researchers have reported promising results on developed coir ber-reinforced biocomposites from different perspectives (thermal, mechanical, morphological, and so on).…”

Sustainable biocomposites produced from cotton stalk wastes: Effect of heat treatment

“…The molecular chain of natural plant ber contains a large number of active hydroxyl groups which can form intermolecular hydrogen bonds, which should be responsible for the strong hydrophilic properties and polarity of natural plant ber. Most thermoplastic resins show strong non-polar and hydrophobicity, so natural plant ber has poor compatibility with non-polar polymers [12]. Given, pretreating natural plant ber to reduce polarity is a common means.…”

Adsorption-Desorption Behavior and Pesticide Bioavailability of Biochar in Soil

“…Regarding surface chemical characteristics, biochar has a large number of aliphatic double bonds and diverse aromatized structural features, which increases its adsorption ability for organic contaminants with high hydrophobicity (including many pesticides) (19). As per some investigations, biochar has a composite structure composed of amorphous organic matter, inorganic minerals, and crystalline organic matter (20). The surface is covered by inorganic minerals with a high cation exchange capacity, similar to clay minerals, and the concentration of free OH-in the solu-tion rises, as does the pH of the system (21), which might hasten the hydrolysis of organophosphorus pesticides (22) and carbamate pesticides (23).…”