Biocomposite Based on Reduced Graphene Oxide Film Modified with Phenothiazone and Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide-Dependent Glucose Dehydrogenase for Glucose Sensing and Biofuel Cell Applications

Abstract

A novel composite material for the encapsulation of redox enzymes was prepared. Reduced graphene oxide film with adsorbed phenothiazone was used as a highly efficient composite for electron transfer between flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-dependent glucose dehydrogenase and electrodes. Measured redox potential for glucose oxidation was lower than 0 V vs Ag/AgCl electrode. The fabricated biosensor showed high sensitivity of 42 mA M(-1) cm(-2), a linear range of glucose detection of 0.5-12 mM, and good reproducibility and stability as well as high selectivity for different interfering compounds. In a semibiofuel cell configuration, the hybrid film generated high power output of 345 μW cm(-2). These results demonstrate a promising potential for this composition in various bioelectronic applications.

Comparison of Direct and Mediated Electron Transfer in Electrodes with Novel Fungal Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide Glucose Dehydrogenase

“…Oxygen-insensitive flavin adenine dinucleotide-dependent glucose dehydrogenase (FAD-GDH) has been given much attention recently and there has been an increasing numbers of related reports on biosensors [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] and biofuel cells. 13,14,[16][17][18] Recently, the structure of FAD-GDH from Aspergillus flavus was unveiled and it was found that an FAD cofactor is buried deeply (∼1.4 nm) below the protein surface. 19 Therefore, the main issue with FAD-GDH is the construction of an electron transfer configuration as in the case of FAD-glucose oxidase (GOD).…”

A Biofuel Cell Based on Biocatalytic Reactions of Lactate on Both Anode and Cathode Electrodes – Extracting Electrical Power from Human Sweat

“…Modification of electrode surfaces with graphene species can significantly increase the surface area due to introducing nano‐sized roughness. Also, the electrochemical processes can be facilitated due to unique electronic features of graphene species . Recently developed electrochemical procedure to peel off graphene flakes in situ from carbon fibers resulted in electrode materials with unique electrochemical properties, characterized by large surface area and increased electrochemical reversibility of electrochemical process (meaning increased interfacial electron transfer rate constants) ,,.…”

“…The use of micro‐ or nano‐structured carbon materials resulted in 3D‐electrodes with an increased total area and facilitated electron transfer processes. The most recent advances in the design of biofuel cells have been achieved with the use of graphene‐containing materials as the electrode support . These graphene‐containing materials have been actively studied for various bioelectrochemical applications, including lactate biosensing ,,.…”

Noble metal nanoparticles in biosensors: recent studies and applications

“…Reduced graphene oxide (RGO) is a highly conductive material and is especially suitable for enzyme-based biosensors because of its biocompatibility [47]. RGO has been used as a conductive platform with large surface area for nanometal stabilization [48].…”