“…3-Aminopropyl dioctadecylamine (DODAAM, Scheme 1) was prepared by the Michael addition of dioctadecylamine (DODA, Fluka, Switzerland) to acrylonitrile at 80 °C and subsequent reduction with LiAlH 4 in dry tetrahydrofuran (16). Maltose lactone was prepared by the oxidation of maltose with iodine, and subsequent lactonization with cation-exchange resins (Amberlite IR-120 B, H + -form) and silver carbonate as previously reported (11,17,18). Concanavalin A (Con A) from C. ensiformis, L-R-dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine (DMPC), and N,N′-R, -dicarbobenzoxy-L-lysine (di-Z-L-Lys) were from Sigma.…”