Biocompatible Mesoporous Silica–Polydopamine Nanocomplexes as MR/Fluorescence Imaging Agent for Light-Activated Photothermal–Photodynamic Cancer Therapy In Vivo

Abstract

Conventional cancer phototherapy with single modality suffers from low therapeutic efficacy and undesired posttreatment damage for adjacent normal tissues. Therefore, the lower NIR laser irradiation power is vital to the reduction or preclusion of risk of scalds and burns in normal tissues. Herein, we rationally proposed a novel multifunctional nanocomplex, which enabled good magnetic resonance (MR) imaging contrast effect and promising photothermal conversion efficacy. The prepared core/shell nanocomplexes [MSN-Ce6@PDA (Mn)] were composed of chlorin e6-embedded mesoporous silica/nanoparticle composites as the cores, and then polydopamine and manganese ions were conjugated on the cores to form protective shells. The MSN-Ce6@PDA (Mn) nanocomplexes revealed superior properties in colloidal stability, photothermal conversion, reaction oxygen species generation, magnetic resonance imaging, etc. Under the guidance of MR and fluorescence imaging, these MSN-Ce6@PDA (Mn) nanocomplexes were found to be primarily accumulated in the MDA-MB-231 tumor area. Furthermore, the combined photodynamic and photothermal therapy exhibited strong inhibition to the growth of MDA-MB-231 tumor in vitro and in vivo. Besides, the MSN-Ce6@PDA (Mn) nanocomplexes also exhibited excellent biocompatibility and low damage to the healthy animals. Hence, the results demonstrated that the prepared MSN-Ce6@PDA (Mn) nanocomplex would be a promising potential for multimodal imaging-guided phototherapy.

Antitumor Effect of Photodynamic Therapy/Sonodynamic Therapy/Sono-Photodynamic Therapy of Chlorin e6 and Other Applications

“…FMCNPs, when accumulated in tumor tissues, cause tumor cell death and allow for continuous MRI surveillance, successfully integrating both tasks. Lu 52 used Ce6 to create a photothermal and photodynamic core/shell nanocomplex [MSN-Ce6@PDA-(Mn)] that inhibited the growth of MDA-MB-231 tumors. MSN-Ce6@PDA(Mn) was created by encapsulating a Ce6 mesoporous silica/nanoparticle composite core and linking polydopamine and manganese ions to form a protective shell.…”

Nanocomposite Hydrogels as Functional Extracellular Matrices

“…For in vitro thermal mapping at single-cell resolution, near-infrared cameras [207], scanning thermal microscopy [304] or optical diffraction tomography [305], and luminescent temperature-sensitive nanoprobes are being researched. Optical imaging using thermosensitive fluorescent NPs offers an excellent alternative for fast, real-time monitoring using (multimodal) imaging techniques [306]. They enable remote, optical detection through various temperature-sensitive luminescence properties such as intensity, lifetime, and spectral shifts with high spatial and thermal resolution [307,308].…”

Key Parameters for the Rational Design, Synthesis, and Functionalization of Biocompatible Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles

“…OI is a relatively low-cost technology that allows for rapid screening and MRI can offer high resolution, while simultaneously obtaining physiological and anatomical information [43]. In vivo, MSNs loaded with multimodal imaging contrast agents for cancer have demonstrated a highly translational potential, not only regarding the enhancement of tumor optical or MRI imaging, especially when targeted [160], but also as therapeutic agents by photothermic and photodynamic combination [155] or as oxygen modulators [151].…”