Biocompatible Coating on Micro‐structured Titanium Implants with Enhanced Osteogenesis to Facilitate Bone‐implant Integration

Abstract

Titanium (Ti) implants are bioinert materials. The surface modification of a Ti implant can endow it with biological activity and promote its osteosynthesis. In this study, the improvement of the biocompatibility of Ti substrates mainly originates from polydopamine (PDA) coating technology, which combines the BMP‐2 polypeptide (P24) and a gelatin film on the substrate surface. The results showed that the P24 polypeptide and gelatin film coating endowed the Ti substrate with enhanced hydrophilicity. The modified surface favored cell adhesion and spreading compared with the pure Ti substrate, and significantly improved cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) in vitro. Furthermore, the modification significantly accelerated osseointegration and osteogenesis in vivo when the Ti rod was inserted into rat femurs. Thus, the P24 polypeptide and gelatin film modification on titanium implant surface has potential applications to achieve rapid bone‐implant integration.