Biocompatible AIE material from natural resources: Chitosan and its multifunctional applications

Poly(α-l-lysine)-based nanomaterials for versatile biomedical applications: Current advances and perspectives

“…This study revealed that conjugates with shorter chains of mannose-based glycopolymer arms have an enhanced bactericidal efficacy against gram-negative and -positive bacteria. Interestingly, Wang et al found that chitosan exhibited an AIE effect and excitation-dependent fluorescence, emitting colors from blue to red at diverse excitation wavelengths [ 74 ]. Accordingly, they fabricated chitosan- g -poly(lysine- ran -valine) by simulating the structure of peptidoglycan [ 75 ].…”

Advances in aggregation induced emission (AIE) materials in biosensing and imaging of bacteria

“…Recent studies have made attempts to utilize chitosan as AIEgen in bacterial imaging, and metal ion concentration detection. 36 The fluorogenic activity of chitosan mainly depends on two aspects, modification of the fluorescent group and crosslinking with aldehyde groups. 34 , 37 The Schiff base intermediate formed during the crosslinking of aldehyde to chitosan causes autofluorescence due to π-π transition of the CN bond.…”

“…This has provided a possibility of using chitosan as a AIE material. 36 It was also found that chitosan emits a range of colors from blue to red in an excitation wavelength dependent manner, offering excellent opportunities for cellular imaging. Moreover, chitosan is capable of efficiently detecting Fe 3 + , making it a potent material for the detection of Fe 3 + concentration in the environment and inside the living systems.…”

Hydrated Hydroxide Complex Dominates the AIE Property of Nonconjugated Polymeric Luminophores

“…have received considerable attention due to their fundamental importance, promising applications. 5,6 NT-AIEgens with typical structural features of no traditional chromophores gradually developed into a new type of AIE luminophores, including nature and synthetic small molecules, 7-10 polymers [11][12][13][14][15][16] and metal clusters. [17][18][19][20][21] Among them, nonconjugated polymers, which are free of aromatic building blocks, have been intensively reported due to their unique clustering-triggered emission (CTE).…”

“…Various assumptions have been suggested, including the oxidation of terminal group (unsaturated hydroxylamine center), 28,29 crosslinking of the polymer chain (linear structure vs. hyperbranched structure), 30,31 hydrogen bond formation 32 and electron delocalization. 11,33 Each view has its limitations which makes it difficult to reach a consensus. A recapitulative clusteringtriggered emission (CTE) mechanism was proposed by Yuan and Zhang and gradually accepted to elucidate the photoemission of nonconventional polymeric luminogens.…”