Biocompatibility studies of polyurethane electrospun membranes based on arginine as chain extender

Abstract

Electrospun polymers are an example of multi-functional biomaterials that improve the material-cellular interaction and aimed at enhancing wound healing. The main objective of this work is to fabricate electrospun polyurethane membranes using arginine as chain extender (PUUR) in order to test the fibroblasts affinity and adhesion on the material and the polymer toxicity. Polyurethane membranes were prepared in two steps: (i) the polyurethane synthesis, and ii) the electrospinning process. The membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, and differential scanning calorimetry techniques. The evaluation of PUUR as a scaffolding biomaterial for growing and developing of cells on the material was realized by LIVE/DEAD staining. The results show that the fluorescent surface area of human fibroblasts (hFB), was greater in control dense membranes made from Tecoflex than in electrospun and dense PUUR. From SEM analysis, the electrospun membranes show relatively uniform attachment of cells with a well-spread shape, while Tecoflex dense membranes show a non-proliferating round shape, which is attributed to the fiber’s structure in electrospun membranes. The cell morphology and the cell attachment assay results reveal the well spreading of hFB cells on the surface of electrospun PUUR membranes which indicates a good response related to cell adhesion.

Potential of Electrospun Fibrous Scaffolds for Intestinal, Skin, and Lung Epithelial Tissue Modeling

“…Likewise, it was not tested whether any solvent residues might be retained in the nanofibrous scaffolds, which may cause toxic effects upon release into the culture medium. [119][120][121] To address this potential cytotoxicity of PCL and PCL:cellulose derivative electrospun scaffolds, LIVE/DEAD assays based on viable and nonviable cell-selective permeability to fluorescent dyes could be performed at several timepoints during in vitro culture. [119,122] Moreover, it would be beneficial to incubate all cells with leachates from all scaffold formulations, in order to assess whether any toxic products are released from the nanofibers into the culture media.…”

“…[119][120][121] To address this potential cytotoxicity of PCL and PCL:cellulose derivative electrospun scaffolds, LIVE/DEAD assays based on viable and nonviable cell-selective permeability to fluorescent dyes could be performed at several timepoints during in vitro culture. [119,122] Moreover, it would be beneficial to incubate all cells with leachates from all scaffold formulations, in order to assess whether any toxic products are released from the nanofibers into the culture media. [119] Of note, only basic biocompatibility analyses were conducted, and it would be interesting to further evaluate the performance of these formulations in terms of tissue functionality (i.e., gene and protein expression, tight junction formation).…”

“…[119,122] Moreover, it would be beneficial to incubate all cells with leachates from all scaffold formulations, in order to assess whether any toxic products are released from the nanofibers into the culture media. [119] Of note, only basic biocompatibility analyses were conducted, and it would be interesting to further evaluate the performance of these formulations in terms of tissue functionality (i.e., gene and protein expression, tight junction formation).…”

Long-Term In Vivo Response of a Polyurethane Gastric Implant for Treating Gastro-Oesophageal Reflux Diseases: A Comparison of Different Surface Treatments

“…Alves et al found that the plasma treatment process on polyurethane increased the hydrophilicity [51]. In addition, several research groups have investigated improving cell attachment on such polymeric surfaces [57][58][59][60][61]. Plasma activation and TiO 2 deposition were utilised as a surface treatment to improve cell adhesion and aid tissue ingrowth into the implant [62].…”

Aplicações de membranas com base de polímeros no tratamento de feridas cutâneas: Uma revisão integrativa

“…Existem mais de 2.000 tipos de coberturas disponíveis no mercado internacional para o tratamento de feridas e queimaduras, sejam eles sintéticos ou biológicos. Os produtos com base polímera são progressivos e os curativos são úteis nesses tratamentos de feridas em razão de sua porosidade, da epitelização, do desempenho mecânico, além da biodegradabilidade e biocompatibilidade, desde ocorram técnicas de consolidação de permanência que impeçam a reabsorção e as falhas do material (Takejima et al, 2021;Venegas-Cervera et al, 2021;De Barros et al, 2022).…”