Biocompatibility of strontium incorporated ceramic coated titanium oxide implant indented for orthopaedic applications

Vandana, Unnikrishnan; Nancy, D; Sabareeswaran, A; Remya, N.S.; Rajendran, N.; Mohanan, P.V.

doi:10.1016/j.mseb.2020.114954

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The coating of metals with bioactive ceramics and the chemical modification of metal surface by binding of polymers and biomolecules allow the biofunctionalization of metallic materials and the control of the biodegradability rate and biocompatibility ( 8 , 12 ). In this regard, magnesium alloys (Mg-Ca, Mg-Zn) and magnesium matrix composites (Mg-calcium phosphate particle, Mg-hydroxyapatite, Mg-tricalcium phosphate) are one of the metallic materials which have recently attracted growing interest due to their improved mechanical and biological properties ( 9 , 13 ).…”

Section: Biomaterials In Orthopedicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polymers. Some of the most known polymers of first generation are acrylic resins, polyethylene (PE) and ultrahigh molecular weight PE (UHMWPE) and polymethacrylate (PMMA) (Table I) (11,12,19,(21)(22)(23). They are characterized by structural stability, low cost but a relative biocompatibility.…”

Section: Biomaterials In Orthopedicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The tests are performed using mice, rats, guinea pigs or rabbits for short-term evaluation studies (12 weeks) (43)(44)(45). The rabbits are preferred for the musculoskeletal implantation studies since they have faster skeletal change, a high bone turn over and are less expensive and easy to handle (12). The animals with relatively long life expectancy such as dogs, sheep, goats, are used in longer-term studies.…”

Section: Standards a -mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biocompatibility assessment of biomaterials used in orthopedic devices: An overview (Review)

et al. 2021

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Biocompatibility is one of the mandatory requirements for the clinical use of biomaterials in orthopedics. It refers to the ability of a biomaterial to perform its function without eliciting toxic or injurious effects on biological systems but producing an appropriate host response in a specific case. Today, the biocompatibility concept includes not only bio-inertia, but also biofunctionality and biostability. High biocompatibility and functional properties are highly desirable for new biomaterials. The chemical, mechanical, structural properties of biomaterials, their interaction with biological environment or even the methodology of assessment can influence the biocompatibility. The biological evaluation of biomaterials includes a broad spectrum of in vitro and in vivo tests related to the cytocompatibility, genotoxicity, sensitization, irritation, acute and chronic toxicity, hemocompatibility, reproductive and developmental toxicitity, carcinogenicity, implantation and degradation as specified in different international standards. A brief review of the main assays used in the biocompatibility testing of orthopedic biomaterials is presented. In addition, their main biocompatibility issues are overviewed.

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Section: Biomaterials In Orthopedicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biomaterials In Orthopedicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Standards a -mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biocompatibility assessment of biomaterials used in orthopedic devices: An overview (Review)

et al. 2021

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“…The site of implantation into the femur of rabbits was determined considering the size of the test specimen and the reactivity between the bone and the implant. The rabbit implantation test was conducted with the implantation location referred to in the literature [ 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 ]. Figure 7 shows the changes in maximum pullout load after rabbit implantation as a function of implantation period.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Safety Evaluation and Surface Modification of Biocompatible Ti–15Zr–4Nb Alloy

Okazaki

Katsuda

2021

Materials

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We performed biological safety evaluation tests of three Ti–Zr alloys under accelerated extraction condition. We also conducted histopathological analysis of long-term implantation of pure V, Al, Ni, Zr, Nb, and Ta metals as well as Ni–Ti and high-V-containing Ti–15V–3Al–3Sn alloys in rats. The effect of the dental implant (screw) shape on morphometrical parameters was investigated using rabbits. Moreover, we examined the maximum pullout properties of grit-blasted Ti–Zr alloys after their implantation in rabbits. The biological safety evaluation tests of three Ti–Zr alloys (Ti–15Zr–4Nb, Ti–15Zr–4Nb–1Ta, and Ti–15Zr–4Nb–4Ta) showed no adverse (negative) effects of either normal or accelerated extraction. No bone was formed around the pure V and Ni implants. The Al, Zr, Nb, and Ni–Ti implants were surrounded by new bone. The new bone formed around Ti–Ni and high-V-containing Ti alloys tended to be thinner than that formed around Ti–Zr and Ti–6Al–4V alloys. The rate of bone formation on the threaded portion in the Ti–15Zr–4Nb–4Ta dental implant was the same as that on a smooth surface. The maximum pullout loads of the grit- and shot-blasted Ti–Zr alloys increased linearly with implantation period in rabbits. The pullout load of grit-blasted Ti–Zr alloy rods was higher than that of shot-blasted ones. The surface roughness (Ra) and area ratio of residual Al2O3 particles of the Ti–15Zr–4Nb alloy surface grit-blasted with Al2O3 particles were the same as those of the grit-blasted Alloclassic stem surface. It was clarified that the grit-blasted Ti–15Zr–4Nb alloy could be used for artificial hip joint stems.

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“…Such properties include biocompatibility, high strength, fatigue resistance, low elastic modulus [1], and excellent corrosion resistance [2]. Commonly employed biomaterials include gold, stainless steel (SS), and cobalt chromium (CoCr) alloys [3][4][5][6]. However, these alloys exhibit poor corrosion resistance and higher elastic moduli (i.e., SS = 205 GPa [7] and Co-Cr-Mo alloys = 230 GPa [8]) which results in revision surgery due to the stress shielding phenomenon [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Ti-Sn Alloy for Orthopedic Application

2021

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Titanium (Ti)-based alloys (e.g., Ti6Al4V) are widely used in orthopedic implant applications owing to their excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility. However, their corrosion resistance needs to be optimized. In addition, the presence of aluminum and vanadium cause alzheimer and cancer, respectively. Therefore, in this study, titanium-based alloys were developed via powder metallurgy route. In these alloys, the Al and V were replaced with tin (Sn) which was the main aim of this study. Four sets of samples were prepared by varying Sn contents, i.e., 5 to 20 wt. %. This was followed by characterization techniques including laser particle analyzer (LPA), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), computerized potentiostate, vicker hardness tester, and nanoindenter. Results demonstrate the powder sizes between 50 and 55 µm exhibiting very good densification after sintering. The alloy contained alpha at all concentrations of Sn. However, as Sn content in the alloy exceeded from 10 wt. %, the formation of intermetallic compounds was significant. Thus, the presence of such intermetallic phases are attributed to enhanced elastic modulus. In particular, when Sn content was between 15 and 20 wt. % a drastic increase in elastic modulus was observed thereby surpassing the standard/reference alloy (Ti6Al4V). However, at 10 wt. % of Sn, the elastic modulus is more or less comparable to reference counterpart. Similarly, hardness was also increased in an ascending order upon Sn addition, i.e., 250 to 310 HV. Specifically, at 10 wt. % Sn, the hardness was observed to be 250 HV which is quite near to reference alloy, i.e., 210 HV. Moreover, tensile strength (TS) of the alloys were calculated using hardness values since it was very difficult to prepare the test coupons using powders. The TS values were in the range of 975 to 1524 MPa at all concentrations of Sn. In particular, the TS at 10 wt. % Sn is 1149 MPa which is comparable to reference counterpart (1168 MPa). The corrosion rate of Titanium-Sn alloys (as of this study) and reference alloy, i.e., Ti6Al4V were also compared. Incorporation of Sn reduced the corrosion rate at large than that of reference counterpart. In particular, the trend was in decreasing order as Sn content increased from 5 to 20 wt. %. The minimum corrosion rate of 3.65 × 10−9 mm/year was noticed at 20 wt. % than that of 0.03 mm/year of reference alloy. This shows the excellent corrosion resistance upon addition of Sn at all concentrations.

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Biocompatibility of strontium incorporated ceramic coated titanium oxide implant indented for orthopaedic applications

Cited by 14 publications

References 36 publications

Biocompatibility assessment of biomaterials used in orthopedic devices: An overview (Review)

Biocompatibility assessment of biomaterials used in orthopedic devices: An overview (Review)

Biological Safety Evaluation and Surface Modification of Biocompatible Ti–15Zr–4Nb Alloy

Synthesis and Characterization of Ti-Sn Alloy for Orthopedic Application

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