Biocompatibility of propolis in subcutaneous tissue of rats: a possible biomaterial for cavity cleansing

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to histopathologically analyze, in subcutaneous connective tissue in rats, a propolis solution for cavity cleansing and its toxicity through hemolytic and Artemia franciscana tests. METHODS: Fifteen male rats were selected and randomly distributed in three experimental periods (07, 30 and 45 days), in which each animal received the four treatment groups in rounds: Group IPropolis I; Group II -Propolis II; Group III -Calcium Hydroxide Water and Group IV -2% Chlorexidine; the sides of the tube were the control group. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results showed, in terms of biocompatibility, that all materials presented a significant reduction of the inflammatory infiltrate and an increase of the thickness in the collagen fibers. It may be suggested, in decreasing order of biocompatibility, the use of following materials: calcium hydroxide-water, 2% chlorexidine, propolis I and propolis II. RESULTS: In the cytotoxicity test using A. franciscana, the propolis extract showed high toxicity when tested at concentrations and in the hemolytic activity test the propolis I extract showed greater activity than propolis II. CONCLUSION: The present study suggests the use of propolis as a cavity cleansing solution for shallow and medium cavities similar to 2% chlorexidine.Key words: Materials testing; Propolis; Dental cavity lining; Detergents Biocompatibilidade da própolis no tecido subcutâneo de ratos: um possível biomaterial de limpeza de cavidade RESUMO OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar histopatologicamente, em tecido conjuntivo subcutâneo de ratos, uma solução de própolis para a limpeza de cavidades e sua toxicidade através dos testes de hemólise e Artemia franciscana. METODOLOGIA: Foram utilizados 15 ratos machos, selecionados e distribuídos aleatoriamente em três grupos (n=5) em períodos experimentais (7, 30 e 45 dias), em que cada animal recebeu os quatro grupos de tratamento em forma de rodízio: Grupo I -Própolis I; Grupo II -Própolis II; Grupo III -Água de Hidróxido de Cálcio e Grupo IV -Clorexidina a 2%; as laterais do tubo foram o grupo controle. Os dados foram analisados pela estatística descritiva. RESULTADOS: Todos os materiais apresentaram uma redução significativa do infiltrado inflamatório e aumento da espessura das fibras colágenas. No teste de citotoxicidade de Artemia franciscana, o extrato de própolis apresentou alta toxicidade e no teste de atividade hemolítica o extrato de Própolis I mostrou-se mais ativo que o da Própolis II. CONCLUSÃO: O presente estudo mostrou a biocompatibilidade da própolis, sugerindo seu uso como solução de limpeza em cavidade cavidades rasas e médias semelhante à clorexidina a 2%.

Biopharmaceutical Products and Biomaterials of the Amazon Region Used in Dentistry

“…In the cytotoxicity test using Artemia franciscana, the propolis extract showed high toxicity in the tested concentrations, and in the hemolytic activity test, the Propolis I extract showed more activity than Propolis II. Therefore, the present study suggested the use of propolis as a cavity cleansing solution for shallow and medium cavities similarly to the use of 2% chlorhexidine ® [15].…”

“…Almeida et al [15] reported that propolis is a complex mixture of resinous, gummy, and balmy substances collected by A. mellifera bees. It has a bactericide, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, hypotensive, anesthetic, anti-cancerous, anti-HIV, and anti-carious biologic function.…”

“…Therefore, biomaterials made today are routinely information rich and incorporate biologically active components derived from nature [2,3,5,7]. Today, the variety of natural products used in the biomaterials for dental and oral health care may include natural silk [11], propolis [12][13][14][15], chitosan [16], herbal tea [17], and miswak [18], as well as natural products for bone repair such as dolomite [4].…”

Challenge in Propolis Biocompatibility as a Potential Medicament in Dental Medicine

“…This research revealed that propolis nanoparticle sealer could be applied as a substitute for the current sealer, which had a toxic effect. b) Research by Almeida et al [61] analysed the toxicity of propolis ethanol extract using Artemia franciscana (A. franciscana) as a model. In the plates, ten Artemia franciscana nauplii were given 20 mL of ethanol extract of propolis at a concentration of 8% and incubated for 24 hours at room temperature in the dark.…”