Biocompatibility of micro-arc oxidation coatings developed on Ti6Al4V alloy in a solution containing organic phosphate

Characterization of Porous Phosphate Coatings Enriched with Calcium, Magnesium, Zinc and Copper Created on CP Titanium Grade 2 by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation

“…sodium silicate (Na 2 SiO 3 ) with trisodium phosphate (Na 3 PO 4 ), and sodium aluminate (NaAlO 2 ) [5] calcium hypophosphite Ca(H 2 PO 2 ) 2 with phosphoric acid H 3 PO 4 [9] sodium phosphate monobasic monohydrate (NaH 2 PO 4 ·H 2 O) with calcium acetate hydrate (Ca(CH 3 COO) 2 ·H 2 O) and strontium hydroxide 8-hydrate (Sr(OH) 2 ·8H 2 O) [18] calcium acetate Ca(CH 3 COO) 2 2H 2 O, and Na 2 SiO 3 , ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and sodium hydroxide NaOH [19] tri-sodium orthophosphate (Na 3 PO 4 ·12H 2 O) with potassium hydroxide (KOH) and di-sodium tetra borate (Na 2 B 4 O 7 ·10H 2 O), and trisodium citrate dihydrate (C 6 H 5 Na 3 O 7 ·2H 2 O), and sodium meta silicate nonahydrate (Na 2 SiO 3 ·9H2O) [20] disodium phosphate (Na 2 HPO 4 ) [21] ammonium sulfate solution ((NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 ) [22] sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH 2 PO 4 ) with calcium acetate (Ca(CH 3 COO) 2 ) and strontium(II) acetate (Sr(CH 3 COO) 2 ) [23] sodium hydroxide (NaOH) with sodium phytate (Na 12 Phy) [24] sodium phosphate heptahydrate (Na 2 HPO 4 ·7H 2 O), with α-Al 2 O 3 and ketoconazole [25] trisodium phosphate (Na 3 PO 4 ) with hydrated sodium borate (Na 2 B 4 O 7 ), and sodium tungstate (Na 2 WO 4) [26] ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) with calcium (Ca(CH 3 COO) 2 ), Ca(H 2 PO 4 ) 2 , sodium hydroxide (NaOH) [27] It should be pointed out that, in the majority of the literature, the presence of titanium oxides in PEO coatings obtained on titanium in aqueous solutions is most often reported. However, Sowa et.…”

Bioactive coatings on Ti6Al4V alloy formed by plasma electrolytic oxidation

“…The ions of Ca 2+ and PO 4 3-that react M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 8 with each other in microdischarge channels form TCP [29,[40][41][42]. The Ti-OH group combines with Ca 2+ ions in microdischarge channels through electrostatic interactions to form perovskite-CaTiO 3 at longer treatment times during the PEO process.…”

“…Titanium and its alloys are not bioactive [5,6]. Therefore, they do not chemically bond to the bone, whereas they physically bond with bone tissue [7,8].…”

Polydopamine-assisted functionalization of heparin and vancomycin onto microarc-oxidized 3D printed porous Ti6Al4V for improved hemocompatibility, osteogenic and anti-infection potencies

“…First, TS was treated by MAO in the "electrolyte for osteointegrative coatings, ESOC", which creates micro-/nanopores TiO 2 /CaP coatings in situ on the TiS macroporous strut walls. In addition, electrolyte containing organic phosphate is proven to develop the biocompatibility of the MAO coating [45]. MAO has already been proven an efficient, convenient method suitable for the nanostructuring of macroporous surfaces [10].…”