Biocompatibility of four common orthopedic biomaterials following neuroelectromyostimulation: Anin‐vivostudy

Abstract

Despite the worldwide high prevalence of total joint arthroplasty (TJA), life expectancy of prosthesis remains limited by mechanical and chemical constraint which promote wear debris production, surrounding tissues damage and finally prosthesis loosening. Such results could be amplified by neuro-myoelectrostimulation (NMES; widely used to reduce neuromuscular deficits observed following TJA surgery). It was previously described in an in vivo experiment that interactions between NMES and Ti6Al4V implant are deleterious for both implant and surrounding muscles. The purpose of the present study was to compare the biocompatibility of four common orthopedic biomaterials, two metallic (Ti6Al4V, CrCo) and two nonmetallic (PEEK, Al O ) alloys, fixed on rat tibial crest in which the surrounding muscles were electrostimulated. Muscle cell death rate was not found significantly increased, with or without electrical stimulation for nonmetallic implants. Contrary to Ti6Al4V alloy, the CrCo implant did not induce destruction of the surrounding muscle. However, cell viability decreased for both metallic alloys when NMES was applied but within a greater significant extent for Ti6Al4V implant. Otherwise, when NMES was applied, implant-to-bone adhesion significantly decreased for Ti6Al4V while no significant difference was found for PEEK, Al O , and CrCo. Statistical analyses reveal also a lesser adhesion strength for Ti6Al4V compared with CrCo when NMES was applied. Selecting the most suitable material in term of biocompatibility remains a major concern and non-metallic materials seems to be more appropriated in regard to electrical currents used for post TJA care. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 1156-1164, 2018.

Biocompatibility of Four Common Orthopedic Biomaterials Following a High-Salt Diet: An In Vivo Study

“…Paradoxically, more recent studies based on clinical reports and animal experimentations emphasized doubts about the capacity of PEEK biomaterials to integrate the surrounding bone tissue well [ 35 , 40 , 41 ]. Our results support, as was also recently observed in condition of a normal diet associated with NMES [ 42 ], that PEEK osseointegration is limited compared to other biomaterials in the condition of a high-salt diet associated (or not) with NMES, although no difference was found in the condition of a normal diet and without NMES.…”