Biocompatibility and Antimicrobial Activity of Reynoutria elliptica Extract for Dental Application

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine whether nature-derived Reynoutria elliptica extracts exhibit biocompatibility and antimicrobial effects against oral pathogens such as Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans. Fine particles of Reynoutria elliptica extract were used to probe for biocompatibility and antimicrobial activity toward these pathogens, and results were evaluated with an MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay, spectrophotometric growth inhibitory assay, the total number of colony-forming units (CFU), an agar disk diffusion test, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, UV/VIS spectroscopy was used to determine the levels of flavonoid and polyphenol in experimental solutions. Several experimental groups showed cell viability higher than 70%, and the antimicrobial activity toward both S. mutans and C. albicans was significantly higher than was that seen for the control group. In CFU and agar disk diffusion tests with C. albicans, increases in the concentration of Reynoutria elliptica extract led to significantly increased antimicrobial effects. Additionally, SEM results showed that Reynoutria elliptica extract changed the morphology and density of S. mutans and C. albicans. The results of this research can be applied to the use of Reynoutria elliptica extracts for the development of oral products that are biologically friendly and can control oral diseases such as dental caries and candida-associated denture stomatitis.

Leaf Extracts of Moringa oleifera Cultivated in Baghdad: Characterization and Antimicrobial Potential against Endodontic Pathogens

“…Phenolic compounds represent the largest group of plant secondary metabolites and are valued for their anti-inflammatory, antihepatotoxic, and antioxidant properties and free radical scavengers [ 59 ]. These compounds have an inhibitory effect on microorganism growth which is proportional to the content of phenolic compounds in the plant extract [ 60 ]. Therefore, the TLC and HPLC analyses focused on the detection of these compounds in both extracts.…”

Surface Characterization, Antimicrobial Activity, and Biocompatibility of Autopolymerizing Acrylic Resins Coated with Reynoutria elliptica Extract

“…However, the synthetic chemicals in other studies exhibited low biocompatibility due to cytotoxicity at high concentrations, although they effectively suppressed the growth of pathogens because of their antibacterial activity on the denture surfaces [ 51 ]. Therefore, it is imperative to carefully select the antimicrobial materials because the continued use of synthetic chemicals and antibiotics can cause side effects, such as low cell viability or mutagenicity [ 45 ].…”

“…Polyphenols, which are chemical substances found in plants, are structured such that one or more phenol groups are bound per molecule. Polyphenols exhibit favorable biological activities such as antioxidants and antibacterial effects [ 45 ]. In addition, the antibacterial effect of nature-derived plants is associated with phenolic compounds [ 66 , 67 ].…”

“…Some studies have investigated the prevention of dental caries by including growth inhibitory components against S. mutans . In addition, R. elliptica demonstrated excellent antibacterial activity against Helicobacter bacteria [ 44 , 45 ].…”