Biocide use and antibiotic resistance: the relevance of laboratory findings to clinical and environmental situations

Is there a role for triclosan/copolymer toothpaste in the management of periodontal disease?

“…[93][94][95][96] Such claims have been the subject of considerable research and debate about triclosan's mode of action and the possibility of the development of antibiotic resistant strains of bacteria. 97 The key areas of interest in terms of triclosan's mode of action are membrane destabilisation, effl ux mechanisms, the inhibition of fatty acid synthesis and the formation of biofi lms. The early work on triclosan highlighted its effect on the bacterial membrane structures, particularly its distruptive effects on lipids and proteins.…”

Variations in Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile of Staphylococcus aureus after Povidone-Iodine Stress

“…15 Biocidal activity can be affected by various factors such as concentration, period of contact, pH, temperature, the presence of interfering material, and the types, numbers, location, and condition of microorganisms. 16 Observations of current study revealed that S. aureus can adaptively growing at two povidoneiodine concentrations, 3%, and 10% (wt/vol). This finding is consistent those of some previous reports which stated bacterial isolates with biofilm forming ability may able to survive in commercially manufactured povidone-iodine solutions or decreased susceptibility to iodine.…”

“…Stress like exposed to a wide range of antibiotics and biocides that could act as a selective pressure for the development and isolation of resistant isolates by several mechanisms. 16 There is no previous data on effects of povidone-iodine stress against bacterial strains; however, several authors reports adverse consequence of environmental stresses on bacterial isolates, including antibiotic susceptibility changes. [18][19][20] Our results show that povidone-iodine stresses causes significant changes in antibiotic susceptibility patterns in tested strain.…”

“…These similarities include the penetration of cationic agents, entry by passive diffusion, membrane damaging, similar morphological changes and a shared target sites. 16 Some biocides can induce efflux even though they are not substrates. So cross resistance may be an explanation for susceptibility decreased to antibiotics in our findings.…”

“…So cross resistance may be an explanation for susceptibility decreased to antibiotics in our findings. 16 Some authors claimed that widespread use of biocides in healthcare setting, industrial, and other facilities may contributes to the overall rate of drug resistance. 16,21 Previously a link has been shown between insusceptibility to quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) and resistance to ampicillin and penicillin in clinical isolates of human and food-related staphylococci.…”